British Empire in World war ii BritISH empire in 1939 -1945 Prime minister: Winston Churchill 1940-1945 Preceded by Neville Chamberlain 1937-1940 King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth: George VI Full name: Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David Population of Britain: ~47 million Same before and after the war Winston Churchill JOINING the war Britain declared war on Nazi Germany on 3 September 1939 rd British Empire in World war II On May 8, 1945, the Allies formally accepted the unconditional surrender of
European affairs. It basically means that Great Britain was isolated from the rest of Europe: they weren't even connected by land and they stayed away from the affairs of European countries. They didn't want to ruin the situation that they had: during the late 19th century, Britain's primary goal in foreign policy was to maintain the balance of power in Europe and to intervene should that balance be upset. Its secondary goal was to protect its overseas interest in the colonies and dominions, as free trade was what kept the Empire alive. The sea routes to the colonies, especially those linking Britain to India (via the Suez Canal), were vital. However, by the early 1900s the German threat increased dramatically. Some in Britain thought it was in need of allies. For most of the 19th century, Britain had regarded France and Russia as its two most dangerous rivals, but with the growing threat of Germany, British policy began to change
communication. English for specific purposes - a sphere of teaching English language including Business English, Technical English, Scientific English, English for medical professionals, English for waiters, English for tourism, English for Art Purposes, etc 4. What is the difference between settlement colonies and the trading empire (dependencies)? Settlement colonies were regions colonized by the UK that later established governments and became dominions and independent. Dependencies were regions in the world that became trading partners and where English became a second language. 5. Which British colonies became dominions? What was their status? Is the name dominion used for these countries nowadays? The first dominions were Canada (1867), Australia (1901), and New Zealand (1907) The name "dominion" is not used anymore. 6. Which organisation unites Britain and most of its former colonies nowadays?
but the british Commonwealt consist sovereign states and only small part has the queen as head of the country, almostly for all the queen as head of the Commonwealth 7. What is meant by ,,the British commonwealth" and ,,the modern commonwealth"? British Commonwealth refers to the Imperial British Empire which ended in 1949. a new union defined as ,,freely and equally associated states" was created, Before 1949 all commonwealth dominions were united by a common allegiance to the british crown Then, in 1949, Commonwealth prime minister issued the London declaration, which changed membership in the Commonwealth from one based on common allegiance to the British Crown to one in which members agree to recognize the British monarch as the head of the Commonwealth. It is the modern commonwealth. 8. How many countries are members of the Commonwealth today? 53 countries 9. What are the 3 different types of countries
Only a single person, Alastair Windsor, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, who was not a descendant of George V, ever bore the surname Windsor, and he died without issue. So today the only living royal Windsors are the agnatic descendants of George V. Edward VII was the next monarch of Britain. Only months into his reign, Edward caused a constitutional crisis by proposing marriage to the American divorcée Wallis Simpson. The prime ministers of the United Kingdom and the Dominions opposed the marriage, arguing that the people would never accept her as queen. Edward knew that the government led by British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin would resign if the marriage went ahead, which could have dragged the King into a general election and ruined irreparably his status as a politically neutral constitutional monarch. Rather than give up Mrs. Simpson, Edward chose to abdicate. He was succeeded by his younger brother, George VI. With a reign of
communities, they are the present English-speaking countries (USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand) Trading Empire (dependencies) mainly ESL countries; British people were seen more as a small ruling class (India, Africa) 5. Australia, The USA, Canada, Sri Lanka, India & Pakistan, Irish Free State, Newfoundland, New Zealand, South Africa were the British colonies that became dominions. They were given "responsible government" and became part of the Commonwealth. The Head of State was the British monarch. Nowadays, the word "dominion" is not used. 6. The British Commonwealth of Nations freely unites Britain and its former colonies. Ireland 1. The first inhabitants were hunters and fishers from the European mainland in 6000 BC. In 200 BC, the Celts arrived. 2
of) independence, women's battle to secure the vote, the General Strike of the 1920 and the Great Depression of the 1930s. During the World War I, he changed the name of the royal family, which used to be Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, to Windsor. The white settler colonies of British Empire had always enjoyed considerable self- government and in the first decade Canada, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand were all allowed to draw up their own constitutions to become dominions. The non-white colonies were not so fortunate. World War I started in 1914. It was between France, the UK and the British Empire, Russia and the US (known as "the Allies") on one side and Germany, Turkey and Austria- Hungary on the other. When the Allies won in 1918, more than 10 million men had been killed. The only positive outcome in Britain was that women got the right to vote in the 1919 elections. During the war, Britain also struggled to main control of Ireland, where demands
The name of Portugal derives from the Roman name Portus Cale. The region was settled by Pre-Celts and Celts, giving origin to peoples like the Gallaeci, Lusitanians, Celtici and Cynetes, visited by Phoenicians and Carthaginians, incorporated in the Roman Republic dominions as Lusitania and part of Gallaecia (both part of Hispania), after 45 BC until 298 AD, settled again by Suebi, Buri, and Visigoths, and conquered by Moors. Other minor influences include some 5th century vestiges of Alan settlement, which were found in Alenquer, Coimbra and even Lisbon.
world's nations organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies (UK, USA and the Soviet Union) and the Axis (Germany, Italy and Japan). Over 70 million people, the majority of them civilians, were killed, making it the deadliest conflict in human history. The starting date of the war is generally held to be September 1939 with the German invasion of Poland and declarations of war on Germany by the United Kingdom, France and the British Dominions. The Allies won the war, but suffered great loss. The United Nations was formed in the hope of preventing another such conflict. *The 'phoney war' It is the name given to the period of time in World War Two when, after the attack on Poland seemingly nothing happened. Many in Great Britain expected a major calamity but the title `Phoney War' summarises what happened in Western Europe near enough nothing. In Western Europe very little of military importance did take place. In
Was falsely borne in hand, sends out arrests On Fortinbras; which he, in brief, obeys; Receives rebuke from Norway, and in fine Makes vow before his uncle never more To give the assay of arms against your majesty. Whereon old Norway, overcome with joy, Gives him three thousand crowns in annual fee, And his commission to employ those soldiers, So levied as before, against the Polack: With an entreaty, herein further shown, Giving a paper That it might please you to give quiet pass Through your dominions for this enterprise, On such regards of safety and allowance As therein are set down. KING CLAUDIUS It likes us well; And at our more consider'd time well read, Answer, and think upon this business. Meantime we thank you for your well-took labour: Go to your rest; at night we'll feast together: Most welcome home! Exeunt VOLTIMAND and CORNELIUS LORD POLONIUS This business is well ended. My liege, and madam, to expostulate What majesty should be, what duty is,
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