Exercise Physiology Anaerobic Energy Systems Anaerobic Pathways · Anaerobic Glycolysis (lactate system) 10 s to 2 minutes. · ATP-PCr (phosphate system) Less than 10 s · 200 m Sprint (50-100 m Sprint swimming) Men's WR:19.32 s - Michael Johnson (37.3 km/h) Women's WR: 21.34s - Flo Griffith-Joyner (34 km/h · Energy system: The lactate system · Fuel: Carbohydrate only Anaerobic Glycolysis · Breakdown of glucose or glycogen via special glycolytic enzymes. · First glucose or glycogen must be converted to Glucose 6-phosphate. Glucose to glucose 6-phosphate costs 1 ATP · Glycolysis produces pyruvic acid, without oxygen pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid. · Net gain 3 moles of ATP (glucose = 2 ATP) Anaerobic Glycolysis · Reserve fuel activated when a person accelerates during race, during the last 200 m of a mile run, or performs a 400 m run or 100 m swim.
to answer your questions at the end. Slide 2 Starch is important carbohydrate in human diet containing in potatoes, maize, rice, cassava. It is produced by most green plants as energy source. Pure starch is a white, tasteless and odorless powder that is insoluble in cold water or alcohol. It consists of two types of molecules: the linear and helical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant, starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin by weight. Glycogen, the glucose store of animals, is a more highly branched version of amylopectin. In industry, starch is converted into sugars, for example by malting, and fermented to produce ethanol in the manufacture of beer, whisky and biofuel. It is processed to produce many of the sugars used in processed foods. The biggest industrial non-food use of starch is as an adhesive in the papermaking process. Starch can be applied to parts of some garments before ironing, to stiffen them
Carbohydrates make up a relatively small percentage of muscle tissue, making up about 1% of the total muscle weight (range of 0.5– teins) that include proteins involved in cel- 1.5%). The carbohydrate that makes up the lular signaling processes and enzymes largest percentage is glycogen. Other carbo- important in metabolism and protein degra- hydrates include glucose, intermediates of dation/cellular remodeling. glycogen metabolism, and other mono- and The lipid content of the muscle can vary disaccharides. Glycosoaminoglycans are also greatly due to many factors, including animal found in muscle and are associated with the age, nutritional level of the animal, and connective tissue. muscle type
Insu cient water intake ("I just don't like drinking much water") seems to be particularly common among women. My mother plateaued in fat loss and, looking at her water intake, I insisted she add a few more glasses. She immediately started losing fat again and lost 3 pounds in the subsequent week. Make a special e ort to drink more water on your cheat day, as the carbohydrate overload will pull water to your digestive tract and muscle glycogen. If you don't get enough water, headaches will be the result. MISTAKE #4: BELIEVING THAT YOU'LL COOK, ESPECIALLY IF YOU'RE A BACHELOR In a sentence: if you don't normally cook, get canned and frozen food for the first few weeks. Don't buy a bunch of food that requires cooking skills if you don't have them. Don't buy foods that spoil if you've never prepared a proper meal. Unfounded optimism will just result in rotten food and frustration
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