In the independent Estonian Republic the Song Festivals were held in every five years (1923 1938). After World War II, the Song Festival tradition began again in 1947. Since 1950 General Song Festivals were held in every five years again. 1969 was an exception though when 100th anniversary of the Song Festival was celebrated. · The foreign authorities have tried to use the Song Festivals in their own interests. During the reign of the Russian czar the Estonians were forced to hold Song Festivals in order to thank the czar, and the Soviet regime always tied the Song Festival to the "red holidays". · In 1988, with the Song Festival as a role model, began the so called "singing revolution" when hundreds of thousands of people gathered in the Song Festival Grounds to make political demands and sing patriarchal songs. · Concerning the Song Festivals there are two beliefs in the Estonian conscience
5. Conclusion 6. References Introduction- Russia Throughout the History Russia is a one of the biggest countries is the world. The first clues about Russian history are from as early as the 9th century. Russia has suffered through rough times in war, mad leaders and tough life amongst the locals. Over times the country has had several different names and political systems. They have been an empire ruled by a czar, a communist nation, and a democratic federation. Nowadays the country's official name is the Russian Federation ("Basic facts about,"). The head of the executive branch in Russia is the president who works with the prime minister. The legislative branch is the Bicameral Federal Assembly which consists of the Federation Council and State Duma. The Judicial branch consists of the Constitutional Court,
● Changed the Seven Commandment - “ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL / BUT SOME ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS” Facts ● First published 17. August 1945 ● Genre: Satire, Political literature ● Pages: 112 (novel) ● “Time” chose the book as one of the 100 best English- Novels ● Motifs: rebellion, power, communism What’s really going on? ● Russian Revolution of 1917 and early years of Soviet Union ● Animalism is communism ● Manor Farm - Russia ● Mr. Jones - Russian Czar ● Old Major - Vladimir Lenin ● Snowball - Leon Trotsky ● Napoleon - Stalin (dogs are his secret police) ● Horse Boxer - working class Seven Commandments 1. Whatever goes upon 2 legs is an enemy. 2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. 3. No animal shall wear clothes. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. 5. No animal shall drink alcohol. 6. No animal shall kill any other animal. 7. All animals are equal. Greatest quotes
5 17 Lai Street Lai 17, so-called Menshikov House was completed about 1685 in the Dutch Baroque style. The family coat-of-arms on the pediment was added in 1817 by then owner Count Stenbock (Sweden origin Russian brigade leader and estate owner). It belonged to Prince Alexander Menshikov, the governor- general of Estonia in 1710-19. He was born in the family of a groom at the Russian Royal court, and at the age of 13 became a personal servant and later a close assistant to Czar Peter I. After Peter's death he helped the czar's widow, Catherine I, to the throne and became the actual ruler of Russia for a couple of years until he was defeated in the power struggle and banished into exile. 23 Lai Street The buildings at Lai 19-23 belong to the City Theatre. It has a couple of small halls as well as some rehearsal rooms, and is planning to build a large auditorium in the present courtyard. All
matter of course) to hide their true feelings, their identity. It is this complexity, presented in simple terms. Renoir subtly builds his case against the aristocracy, collapsing his house of cards only at the very end. Ivan The terrible by Sergei Eisenstein is a biographical/historical film. Sergei Eisenstein was the one who created a feeling of illusion,projected trilogy documenting the life and times of the notorious 16th century czar, appeared to great acclaim within the Soviet Union. The actors perform in an exaggerated, often halting style that often brings to mind a combination of silent film, combination of theater and ballet. Close-ups of actors whose gestures of rage gives them the appearance of statues. Eisenstein creates a drawing light, shot of a downstairs to create a victorious feeling. Strong backlight behind the protagonists creates hallows, counter light gives reflection
Kadriorg Art Museum; · Art of Adamson-Eric (19021968), one of the most outstanding Estonian painters of the 20th century, at Adamson-Eric Museum; · national romanticism of an Estonian artist of the first generation, Kristjan Raud (1865 1943), at Kristjan Raud House Museum located in Nõmme, in the premises of the final home of the artist. Kadriorg Art Museum The Kadriorg palace and park were founded by the Russian czar Peter I. According to the designs of the architect Niccolo Michetti, invited from Rome, the palace was built after the Italian villas, consisting of a main building and of two annexes. The well-preserved great hall is one of the best examples of Baroque architecture not only in Estonia but also in the whole Northern Europe. Besides Russian and Italian artists, masters from Stockholm, Riga and Tallinn took part in its building work. The two-storied hall is
Interrogations, admissions. Kholin first, then Kazakov endocrine. No bolt from blue. Levin no sign death Stalin's wife's death. Stalin sick, hypertension, arteries hardening, blood flow to brain, 1952. Dr Vinogradov says rest, throw in chains says Stalin. Med men, political aims. Like blood libel. Stalin died. Beilis Trial, 1911-13. Craftsman in Kiev. Country-wide debate, did he really do it? Is it possible? Did this really happen in the past. Intl debate. Russia takes the case. Czar saw that it could be possible. Sanctions from intl community. Innocent, but dark powers participated. Child really died. Found killer, a woman. High Stalinism many others, not Js, in GULag. Show trials teach public. What is danger? Wanted to quell nationalism. Many Js wanted to leave to fight in IL. Land to live, Crimea. Local people in Crimea wanted to secede at this time. 25 Mar 14 Grey Years? Khrushchev-start of pink years, Gorbachev. Ambivalence,
Peter, furthermore, had chosen an inopportune moment: the Europeans at the time were more concerned about the War of Spanish Succession over who would succeed the childless King Charles II of Spain than about fighting the Ottoman Sultan. The "Grand Embassy" continued nevertheless. While visiting the Netherlands, Peter learned much about life in Western Europe. He studied shipbuilding in Zaandam (the house he lived in is now a museum, the Czar Peter House) and Amsterdam, where he visited, among others, the upper-class de Wilde family. Jacob de Wilde, a collector-general with the Admiralty of Amsterdam, had a well-known collection of art and coins, and de Wilde's daughter Maria de Wilde made an engraving of the meeting between Peter and her father, providing visual evidence of "the beginning of the West European classical tradition in Russia". According to Roger Tavernier, Peter the Great later acquired de Wilde's collection.
A German born and raised in St. Petersburg, he had headed German military cryptanalysis since 1922. He was a brilliant organizer who oversaw the expansion of the group from a handful to more than 150, but he handicapped himself by his egocentricity and by his superciliousness with regard to the noncrypt-analytic aspects of communications intelligence. His right-hand man was a Russian emigrant, Professor Novo-paschenny, who under the Czar had been attached to an astronomical observatory in Pulkovo, outside St. Petersburg. He developed much of the technical aspects of the work, but seems to have held only a relatively subordinate post as a chief cryptanalyst in one of the national offices, ap parently Referat V 9, which was probably Russia. Head of Analytical Cryptanalysis (Gruppe TV) was Dr. Erich Hiittenhain, who also directed that group's instructional activity (Referat IVd)
annaabi.ee 
