CH3-CHO + Ag2O=CH3-COOH + 2Ag c)oksüdeerumine vask(II)oksiidiga. CH3-CHO + 2CuO=CH3-COOH + Cu2O. 2.Estri(nagu COOH aga H asemel R) lagunemine veetoimel happelises keskkonnas karboksüülhappeks ja alkoholiks. HCOOC6H13 + HOH= HCOOH + C6H13OH. 3. Karboksüülhappe soola(nagu COOH aga H asemel Na, Li, Ca jne.) reageerimine tugevama happega. H2SO4 + CH3COONa=NaHSO4 + CH3COOH. 4. Karboksüülhapete omadused: a) Täielik põlemine CH3COOH + 2O2 = 2 CO2 + 2H2O b) Redutseerimine aldehüüdiks. C8H17COOH + H2=C8H17CHO + H2O c) Redutseerimine alkoholiks. C8H17COOH + 2H2=C9H19OH + H2O d) Anhüdriidi teke. CH3COOH + CH3COOH=(CH3CO)2O + H2O e) Metallidega reageerimine. 2CH3COOH + 2Na= 2CH3COONa + H2. 2CH3COOH + Ca =(CH3COO)2Ca + H2. f) Aluseliste oksiididega reageerimine(tekib sool). 2CH3COOH + Li2O =2CH3 COOLi + H2O g) Hüdroksiididega ehk alustega reageerimine.(tekib sool). CH3COOH + NaOH=CH3 COONa + H2O. h) Karbonaadiga reageerimine(tekib sool) 2CH3COOH + CaCO3=(CH3COO)2Ca + H2O + CO2
C4H9OH- butanool C5H11OH- pentanool C6H13OH- heksanool C7H15OH- heptanool C8H17OH- oktanool C9H19OH- nonanool C10H21OH- dekanool C3H5OH- propaan-1,2,3-triool (glütserool) C2H4OH- etaan-1,2-diool (etüleenglükool) HCOOH- metaanhape (sipelghape) CH3COOH- etaanhape (äädikhape) C2H5COOH- propaanhape C3H7COOH- butaanhape C4H9COOH- pentaanhape C5H11COOH- heksaanhape C6H13COOH- heptaanhape C7H15COOH- oktaanhape C8H17COOH- nonaanhape C9H19COOH- dekaanhape CH3CHOHCH3- 2-hüdroksüpropaanhape (piimhape) C7H6O2- bensoehape C7H6O3- salitsüülhape Juergen Guido C6H8O7- sidrunhape HOOCCOOHH- oblikhape (etaandihape, oksaalhape) 7) Ülesannete valemid n=m/M n=V/Vm *n=N/NA* n- moolide arv (mol) m- aine mass (g) M- aine molekulaarmass (g/mol) V- aine ruumala (dm3) Vm- molaarruumala (22,4 dm3/mol) *N- osakeste arv*
CH3CH2CH2COOH butaanhape (võihape) C4H9COOH pentaanhape (palderjanhape) C5H11COOH heksaanhape (kapronhape) C6H13COOH heptaanhape (önanthape) C7H15COOH oktaanhape (kaprüülhape) C8H17COOH nonaanhape (pelargoonhape) C9H19COOH dekaanhape (kapriinhape) C15H31COOH heksadekaanhape (palmithape) C17H35COOH oktadekaanhape (stearhape) C17H33COOH oktadets-9-eenhape (olehape)
CH3CH2CH2COOH butaanhape (võihape) C4H9COOH pentaanhape (palderjanhape) C5H11COOH heksaanhape (kapronhape) C6H13COOH heptaanhape (önanthape) C7H15COOH oktaanhape (kaprüülhape) C8H17COOH nonaanhape (pelargoonhape) C9H19COOH dekaanhape (kapriinhape) C15H31COOH heksadekaanhape (palmithape) C17H35COOH oktadekaanhape (stearhape) C17H33COOH oktadets-9-eenhape (olehape)
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