TALLINN UNIVERSITY The Law School Law The European Union Law The EU institutions Lecturer: Matti Kauppi Student: Viktoria Gratšjova Tallinn, 2014 The institutions of the European Union form a complex and unique polity and, in determining whether or not this structure and the law making powers granted to each respective institution are inherently undemocratic, it is vital to define what is meant by the term ‘democratic’. In his Gettysburg address Abraham Lincoln referred to a government which was ‘of the people, by the people, for the people’and it is by this criterion that democracy is often judged. These principles are reflected in having equal access to power and in being equal before the law. It must be considered not only whether law making powers are granted to elected persons, but
Moldova actively pursues EU membership, but it is poorer than any other European country and has to resolve issues over its break away region of Transinistra before it can join. Nevertheless, the EU is developing an increasingly close relationship with Moldova, going beyond co-operation, to gradual economic integration and a deepening of political co- operation. I do not think that the criteria should prepare countries to join the EU due to the fact that it would include Belarus, which is very undemocratic etc. I believe that the ENP and criteria for the candidate countries may be similare but they should not serve the same target, because unfortunately some parnership countries could not fulfill even the half of the criteria that membership countries shoud. 4.Which are the areas of cooperation and evaluation in the ENP that overlap with the EU accession criteria? Which are the fields that the ENP does not cover and only Copenhagen Criteria assesses?
This is also known as the Houses of Parliament. Parliament is made up of two chambers - the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The members of the House of Lords are not elected; they qualify to sit in the House because they are bishops of the Church of England. aristocrats who have inherited their 'seats' from their fathers, people with titles, or senior judges of the legal system. There has been ta lk of reform this century because many Britons think that this system is undemocratic. The House of Commons, by contr'ast, has 651 seats which are occupied by Members of Parliament (MPs) who are elected by the British public. The United Kingdom is divided into constituencies, each of which has an elected MP in the House of Commons. Each of the major political parties appoints a representative (candidate) to compete for each seat. Smaller parties may have a candidate in only a few constituencies.
15. Remington, T. (2008). Patronage and the Party of Power: Vladimir Putin, Europe-Asia Studies, 60(6) 16. Reuter, O.J. (2010). The Politics of Dominant Party Formation: United Russia and Russia's Governors. Europe-Asia Studies, 62(2), 293-327 17. Reuter, O.J., Remington, T. (2009). Dominant Party Regimes and the Commitment Problem: 18. Case of United Russia, Comparative Political Studies, 42 (4), 501-526 19. Rose, R.; Mishler, W.; Munro, N. (2011). Popular Support for an Undemocratic Regime: The Changing Views of Russians, UK: Cambridge University Press 20. Russia', Democratization, 18(3), 655-681 21. Sakwa, R. ( 2008). Putin: Russia's choice (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge 22. Smyth, R., Anna, L.; Brandon W. (2007). Engineering Victory: Institutional Reform, Informal Institutions, and the Formation of a Hegemonic Party Regime in the Russian Federation, Post-Soviet Affairs, 23(2), 11837. 23. Suttner, R. (2006), Party dominance theory: Of what value
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