tract completely, the air cannot escape through the mouth. When the articulators come apart, the airstream will be released in a small burst of sound. Aspiration a period of voicelessness after the release of an articulation, e.g. pie [paý] NB! K, p, t are unvoiced/aspirated consonants and g, b, d are unaspirated/voiced consonants. These unvoiced stops are completely unaspirated (spy, sty, sky), because stop is immediately following word-initial s. Fricatives, Affricates, Nasals. Fricatives - narrowing the distance between two articulators so that the airstream is partially obstructed and a turbulent airflow is produced (i.e. friction). Fricatives may be voiced or voiceless. Consonants can be classified by: place of articulation( bilabial /p/; /b/; /m/ ; labiodental /f/; /v/; alveolar /t/; /d/; /n/; velar /k/; /g/ manner of articulation refers to variation in the way the airstream is affected (blocked vs
alveolar Fortis f s Lenis v z Affricates are sounds that start with a plosive and end with a fricative – both have the same place of articulation. Affricates of English: Nasal consonants are produced so the air flow in the oral cavity is completely blocked and the velum lowers and air escapes through the nasal cavity. Nasals of English: m – bilabial n - alveolar - velar Laterals are sound where the air escapes from the sides of the tongue and out of the oral cavity – closure is made somewhere along the axis of the tongue. Lateral of English: - which has 2 allophones – clear l’ when perceived by a vowel (glass) and dark l’ when perceived by a consonant (doll) Approximates are speech sounds where the articulators are not in strong
Afrik pf ts/dz
t/d
Later l L
Trem r R
P-vok w j eesti h?
(Muud)
3.1.2. Liigitus moodustusviisi järgi (vt tabeli horisontaalread):
1) klusiilid ehk sulghäälikud (ingl plosives, stops, vn )
2) nasaalid ehk ninahäälikud (ingl nasals, vn )
3) frikatiivid ehk hõõrdhäälikud (vn `mürahäälikud')
4) poolvokaalid (semivocales) ehk aproksimandid
See jaotus rajaneb kõnetrakti neljal põhiasendil: 1) sulg; 2) sulg koos avatud ninakäiguga; 3) kitsas
läbipääs (ahtus), kus hõõrduva õhuvooluga kaasnevad mürad (
• odds and ends, safe and sound • õde ja vend, a less obstruent initial consonant – a more obstruent luu ja nahk initial consonant Hierarchy of obstruency glides – liquids – a more obstruent single final consonant – a less obstruent nasals- spirants – stops single final consonant Wear and tear, willy-nilly kith and kin, push and pull 47. Phrasal verbs A complex verb made up of a verb (usually one of action or movement) and a prepositional adverb. Examples> put on, leave out, hand over, get on, take off, pull through, run out of You can play with the word break – breakout, breakup, breakthrough etc 48. Lexical fields
annaabi.ee 
