There are affixes that are negative, indicating the absence of some quality, they are very expressive (e.g. "motherless / fatherless" are more expressive than "orphan"). Their expressiveness is based on the fact that negation shows that ties between elements are possible yet do not exist. Diminutive suffixes either express the small size or add a positive, humorous and sometimes a contemptuous colouring: -let- (e.g. starlet, chicklet, etc.); -kin- (e.g. lambkin, etc.); -ling- (e.g. weakling, etc.); -ette- (e.g. kitchenette, etc.); -y / ie-(e.g. daddy, etc.). Proceeding with composition we may say that unexpected models of compound words are humorous due to unusual combination of elements (e.g. chief: boy-friend-in-chief ). Words standing for people may be coined out of a phrase (usually they are negative) (e.g. "Ms. what-her-name"). This type of word building compression is often used to coin new words (nonce
-ola: chairola They are also slang-suffixes and contribute to contemptious ironic connotation There are negative affixes that indicate absence of some quality and they convey expressive connotations. E.g fatherless, motherless are more expressive than ,,orphan" which denotes the same, because the suffix shows that something important is missing. Diminutive suffixes Imply a small size and also positive/humorous or contemptious colouring. Thus the suffix kin e.g lambkin, -let (chicklet, starlet), -ling (weakling (weak person), -y (mommy, daddy), -ie (oldie, lassie). Unexpected patterns of compound words create a humorous effect, due to unusual combinations of elements. E.g in-chief= commanding, editor. Boyfriend in-chief sounds unexpected and funny. Compound words standing for people may be formed out of a phrase and they contain negative evaluation and sound contemptuous, e.g ms What's-her-name, a- might-have-been, an-also-ran (spordikommentaaridest)
yet do not exist. The romantic writers tend to bring together adjectives with these affixes and the text becomes very emotional (e.g. "He was unmoved, unshaken, unterrifyed." sounds more emotional than: "He was calm and brave.") Diminutive suffixes either express the small size or add a positive, humorous and sometimes a contemptuous colouring: -let- (e.g. starlet, chicklet, etc.) -kin- (e.g. lambkin, etc.) -ling- (e.g. weakling, etc.) -ette- (e.g. kitchenette, etc.) -y / ie-(e.g. daddy, etc.) Proceeding with composition we may say that unexpected models of compound words are humorous due to unusual combination of elements (e.g. chief: editor-in-chief, boy-friend-in- chief - this sounds funny and unexpected). Words standing for people may be coined out of a phrase (usually they are negative) (e.g. "Ms
· On the slang, -o shows contemptuous attitude (kiddo, coppo) · -happy, -dog show irony, contempt (car-happy, handsome-dog) · Negative affixes that show absence of some quality are rather expressive (unmask vs. reveal, motherless vs. orphan) · The romantic writers tend to bring together such adjectives and the text becomes very emotional (Milton) · Diminutive suffixes imply small size or humoruous or contemptuous colouring (daddy, starlet, lambkin, weakling) Compounds: · Unexpected models for compounds may create humour due to unusual combinations (in-chiefboy-friend-in-chief) · Compound nouns standing for people may form out of a phrase (sound contemptuous) (miss what's-her-name) · This type of word building is popular for coining nonce words (adjectives, nouns) (a move-away-or-I'll-kick-you attitude) In general, nonce words are very expressive, strikingly new, unexpected.
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