13. (i) adding / using, water to break, bond / ester bond, (in molecule); A breakdown into smaller molecules 1 (ii) matrix, protects / stabilises, enzyme / lipase; functions, at optimal rate / more efficiently, at higher temperature / 45 °C; A greater activity / AW ref. to soluble lipase begins to denature (reducing activity); ora functions, at optimal rate / more efficiently, at lower pH; ref. to presence of fatty acids changing pH; ref. to ionic bonds breaking (in soluble lipase); ora AVP; e.g. ref to industrial uses ref to effect on R groups max 4 [5] 14
erinevate krooniliste haigustega isikutel (kasvajad) ning vanematel inimestel. Kui tuumavastased antikehad on kõrges tiitris, seostuvad need SEL ning teiste süsteemsete sidekoehaigustega ja ANA alatüübid on nende haiguste diagnostiliseks markeriks. Süsteemse erütematoosse luupuse diagnoosi vastu on negatiivne ANA. SEL patsientide seerumis esineb kolme tüüpi anti-DNA antikehasid: anti-single stranded e denature-DNA (=anti-ssDNA) anti-double stranded e native DNA (= anti-dsDNA) reageerivad nii ss-DNA-ga kui ds-DNA-ga dsDNA väga spetsiifiline SLE-le. dsDNA autoantikehade määramiseks kasutatakse testi Crithidiae luciliae. Antikehad võivad olla nii IgG kui ka IgM klassist. Üheks oluliseks tunnuseks SLE haigetel on anti-dsDNA antikehade esinemine kõrges tiitris. anti-dsDNA antikehad esinevad 70% aktiivse luupusega haigetest. Positiivse testi spetsiifilisus on 95%
immobilized water within the myofibers; C shows that some myofibers are dissolved in the aqueous environ- ment with only a few immobilized water layers (thin lines along the fibers). drip loss of PSE pork (Honikel and Kim (actin) (Quinn et al. 1980). Meat and fat cells 1986). Between 40 and 50°C, some soluble are surrounded by connective tissue, which proteins in the sarcoplasm denature and denatures and shrinks between 50–65°C, become insoluble, as can be seen also in the depending on age of the animal. The collagen paleness of PSE pork (dispersion of light, as in connective tissue starts to dissolve in this in milk). Whereas soluble proteins coagulate process between 55 and 85°C, again depend- (denature) into a random structure by heating, ing on the age of the animal.
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