halduskorralduse korrastamise lähtealused 2007; Haldusterritoriaalse korralduse reformi seaduse eelnõu 2009). Alates 1950. aastatest on hakatud revideerima traditsioonilisi võimuvertikaali toimimise aluspõhimõtteid. Peamised põhjused on olnud järsk heaoluteenuste kasv, valglinnastumine ja sellega kaasnev pendelmigratsioon ning traditsioonilise kogukonnapõhise identiteedi lagunemine (Robson 1966; Dahl, Tufte 1973; Newton 1982; Brans 1992; Barett, Crowther 1998). Tohutu heaoluteenuste kasv on sundinud riike valima, kas osutada kõiki teenuseid ise või delegeerida teenuste osutamine ja vastutus selle eest omavalitsustele. Esimest lahendust kasutati ennekõike sulandunud omavalitsussüsteemiga riikides, kus teenuste osutamine delegeeriti piirkondlikele kohahaldusorganitele või kohalikele omavalitsustele koos riigi eraldatud finantsidega, mistõttu riikliku kontrolli ulatus nende tegevuse üle kasvas veelgi.
returned to Hollywood. A new contract was drawn up, giving Monroe approval of the director as well as the option to act in other studios' projects. The first film to be made under the contract and production company was Bus Stop, directed by Joshua Logan. She played Chérie,[29] a saloon bar singer who falls in love with a cowboy. Monroe deliberately appeared badly made-up and unglamorous. She was nominated for a Golden Globe for the performance and was praised by critics.[15] Bosley Crowther of The New York Times proclaimed: "Hold on to your chairs, everybody, and get set for a rattling surprise. Marilyn Monroe has finally proved herself an actress." In his autobiography, Movie Stars, Real People and Me, director Joshua Logan wrote: "I found Marilyn to be one of the great talents of all time... She struck me as being a much brighter person than I had ever imagined, and I think that was the first time I learned that intelligence and, yes brilliance have nothing to do with education
and 32 bytes of RAM with a simple 4-bit processor. National Semiconductor introduces the IMP-16 microprocessor. Steve Wozniak develops “blue box” to make free phone calls and sells the boxes to fellow students at UC Berkeley Nolan created his own company: Atari in 1972. Atari ships Pong, one of the first really successful commercial video games . In 1977 Atari enters the home computer market among others 1972: Colossal Cave: a text-based adventure game. Written by Will Crowther: Will worked on developing the assembly language program for the original routers used in creating the ARPAnet. In their spare time the Crowthers, both avid cavers, explored and mapped portions of the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems in Kentucky for the Cave Research Foundation. Crowther wrote a computer simulation based on the maps, for a Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-10 computer, in FORTRAN. His first version included caver jargon, and many of the names
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