country) and socially (to higher social classes). The erosion of the English class system and the greater social mobility in Britain today means that this trend is more clearly noticeable than was once the case. (Wells 1997) - `the sudden emergence of a new type of English' results from irresponsible disregard for the facts. 3. Commonly cited salient features of Estuary English · l-vocalization, milk miwk · glottalling, using a glottal stop · happY-tensing; happy, coffee, valley · yod coalescence; Tuesday, tune, attitude, duke, reduce · diphthong shift, FACE, PRICE and GOAT vowels (wotshor nime?) (Wells 1997) perhaps to a phonemic split (wholly holy) (Wells 1994) The features that Wells excludes from EE's phonetic make-up that are typical of Cockney are: · h-dropping, so that Cockney hand on heart becomes ('and on 'eart). · th-fronting, using labiodental fricatives instead of dental fricatives This turns I think into /a fink/ and mother into /move/ (Wells 1997)
3. Estuary English - a dialect of English widely spoken in South East England. IT is commong among young Londoners. Something between RP and Cockney. Some features: · Non-rhotic · They use intrusive / r / · They use the broad / a: / sound · They use glottal stop more often (instead of k/p/t) · Use of / w /, recieved pronouncation will have / l / sound · /l/ may disappear [vunnerable] · /I/ -> /i:/ · Use of question tag [Ain't I? (einnai)] · Yod coalescence when two things come together. Like: /d/ instead of /dj/ /t/ instead of /tj/ [tu:zdeI] · Prolongs diphtongs · H-dropping (Tell him= [tellim]) 5) Cockney, Cockney Rhyming Slang Cockney English has a very distinctive accent, intentionally made and cryptical. It is used in a sense of community and also by traders or criminals to confuse the police. Cockney English is a "working class English" with approx. 7 million speakers.
Figure 7.1. a. Processing diagrams for “cold” emulsions. b. Processing diagrams for “hot” emulsions. emulsion instability: creaming or sedimenta- eter determining the destabilization kinetics tion; Ostwald ripening, which is a diffusion of emulsion. Large droplets are prone to transport of the dispersed phase in small sedimentation and coalescence, whereas droplets into larger ones; coalescence, which finely dispersed emulsions are more sensitive is the process in which two droplets combine to flocculation and Ostwald ripening to form a single droplet; and flocculation, (McClements 1999). which is the aggregation of droplets due to The bulk physicochemical and organolep- collisions
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