and plural forms. · Pronouns belonging to other classes (interrogative, relative, indefinite) do not in general have number contrast · Exceptions: this/these, that/those · in current standard English, only the reflexive forms yourself and yourselves preserve a distinction between singular and plural 5. The English verbal system: basic verb types and their characteristics (main/lexical verbs and helping verbs (primary and modal auxiliaries)); verb forms in finite and non-finite verb phrases (examples!); modals and primary auxiliaries (be, do have): their differences (contribution to the VP, finite and non-finite forms) and similarities (the NICE properties); meanings of the modal verbs: epistemic modality, deontic modality, dynamic modality (examples!); types of main verbs: intransitive verbs(has no object), transitive (monotransitive -A monotransitive verb is a verb that takes two arguments: a subject and a single direct object
grammatical shape of the word, the meaning of the word stays the same. For example: consider, considered, considers. Open class words (content words) → These are the word classes that take in new words, for example by adding affixes to them or borrowing words from other languages. In English these words are most commonly nouns, verbs (not auxiliaries), adjectives and adverbs. Closed class words (function words) → These are words that do not take in any new words. In English the word classes are prepositions, pronouns, determiners and conjunctions. Syntax is the study of how sentences are formed in a language. For example what is the word order ( in English it’s usually subject, verb object) or how words relate to
Stressing a point It is vital/essential/imperative that we ... We must ... Stretching vowels These figures are extreeeemely useful. We are waaaay ahead of the competition. Using adverbs extremely really entirely very completely quite totally Repeating words Communication is vital. Without communication, nothing is achieved. With little communication, little is achieved. Stressing auxiliaries We can't and won't be able to accept the offer. Finance is the key. Targets have been reached over the last year. Adding do, does or did To implement an appraisal system, we do need management support. The economy does need investment. We did work hard and the results show that. THE MAIN POINTS TO REMEMBER Voice & pronunciation Making it interesting Project your voice Go faster to excite
than in RP · Some diphthongs are wider than in · /lj/ often becomes /j/ as in brilliant RP · Memo is pronounced with /i:/ rather · Tendency for diphthongs to be than ,,slower" · The is a very front /a:/ Grammar: · Word-final is often very open · Use of auxiliaries shall and should · The vowel usually receives more with first-person subjects as in I shall go lip-rounding than in EngEng · The use of have in expressing · AusEng is non-rhotic and has linking possession is not so usual, got is and intrusive /r/ preferred.
ecb.europa.eu/mopo/eaec/intermediaries/html/index.en.html) 2 Banking and other institutions (Molyneux, Altunbas et al. 1996), (types of ..., depository (savings), contractual savings, investment, retail, universal, ..., management of financials, Other financial institutions (OFIs) are for example insurance corporations, pension funds, financial auxiliaries, mutual funds, securities and derivatives dealers and financial corporations engaged in lending. For statistical purposes the OFI sub-sector is defined in the ESA 2010 2 as a corporation or quasi-corporation other than an insurance corporation and pension fund that is engaged mainly in financial intermediation by incurring liabilities in forms other than currency, deposits and/or close substitutes for deposits from
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