speech into units, which is called segmentation. The sounds of languages can be produced by: pushing air out of the lungs through the vocal tract (pulmonic, egressive) sucking the air into the mouth (ingressive) NB! Without air we cannot produce sound. There are two classes of sounds: consonants vowels Consonants are produced with some restriction or closure in the vocal tract that impedes the flow of air from the lungs. Vowels are produced so that the airstream is relatively unobstructed. NB! Any speech sound will always exhibit two components in some form or other: An activity that initiates a flow of air (i.e. initiation, lungs as initiators) An activity that modulates or articulates the air-stream, thus generating a specific type of sound Vowel and Consonant The difference between vowel and consonant is: in the way they are produced (phonetics) in their distribution, i.e
E.g. artistic-al-ly To know if a sound is a phoneme use the minimal contrasting pair method where the difference is only one sound: pin vs pen. Allophones are different variations of how a phoneme is pronounced according to the context. E.g. dark and clear l – clear and dull. Segmentation is the act of dividing speech sounds into units. E.g. segment- ation Larnyx (kõri) is the voice box. Glottis is the opening between the vocal cords. Manner of articulation is the way the airstream is blocked when producing a sound – blocked vs partially blocked; vibrating vs no vibration. Different sound types: Velar sounds are produced by the tongue being in contact with the lower side of the velum aka soft palate. Alveolar sounds are produced by the tongue touching the alveolar ridge. Post-alveolar sounds are produced by the tongue touching the area before the alveolar ridge.
amount. The mixture control assembly each individual cylinder. electrical injector and a thermo-time switch. incorporates an air sensor plate and control The warm-up regulator is located on the Its purpose is to spray fuel into the air box to plunger. The air sensor plate is located in the inlet manifold and incorporates two coil assist cold starting, the thermo-time switch main airstream between the air cleaner and springs, a bi-metal strip and a control regulating the amount of fuel injected. 4B·4 Bosch K and KE fuel injection systems 1.16 K-Jetronic system speed sensing module and fuel pump safety module locations The safety module is located under the 1.19 KE-Jetronic fuel-injection system layout and components facia panel on the driver's side and is coloured purple (see illustration)
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