Winston Churchill o politcian and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War o PM 2 times Sir Francis Drake o an English sea captain, privateer, navigator, slaver, a renowned pirate, and a politician of the Elizabethan era. o He was second-in-command of the English fleet against the Spanish Armada in 1588. Dates 1066- Battle of Hastings 1455-1485- Wars of the Roses(Lancastrians-Yorkists) 1649-1660- England was a republic for the 1st and only time and was called "the Commonwealth" 1837-1901- the Victorian period 1707- The Act of Union(the Scottish parliament was dissolved and the former 2 kingdoms became one `United Kingdom of Great Britain' 1921-22- The Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 established the Irish Free State (now the Republic of Ireland) as a separate state, leaving Northern Ireland as part of the United Kingdom
France. It ended in July 1453 when the French finally expelled the English from the continent. The Hundred Years War was a series raids, sieges and naval battles. The Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses were a series of civil wars fought in medieval England from 1455 to 1487 between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The name Wars of the Roses is based on the badges used by the two sides, the red rose for the Lancastrians and the white rose for the Yorkists. Major causes of the conflict include: 1) both houses were direct descendents of king Edward III; 2) the ruling Lancastrian king, Henry VI, surrounded himself with unpopular nobles; 3) the civil unrest of much of the population; 4) the availability of many powerful lords with their own private armies; and 5) the untimely episodes of mental illness by king Henry VI. The Wars of the Roses ended with the killing of Richard (the House of York) by Henry VII. Henry VII married Elizabeth of York
Henry VI grew up to be simple-minded & book-loving. He hated the warlike nobles & was unsuitable for such a violent society. He was civilised & gentle man. He founded 2 places of learning that still exist Eton College not far from London & King's College in Cambridge. Later he became mentally ill. The nobility was discontented, became divided between those who supported Henry's family, the ,,Lancastrians" (Red rose) & thos who supported the family of March, the ,,Yorkists" (White rose). In 1460 the duke of York claimed the throne. After his death in battle his son Edward took up the struggle & won the throne in 1461. Edward IV put Henry VI into the Tower of London, but 9 years later the Lancastrian army rescued Henry & chased Edward out of the country. Edward returner with and army in 1471 & defeated the Lancastrians. Henry VI died in the Tower. Edward's brother Richard of Cloucester was ambitious
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