Pine forests (9/10) are the predominant type of stands, the area covered with birch and spruce forests is smaller. Männimetsad (9/10) on domineeriv (valdav) metsatüüp (puistutüüp), see ala, mis on kaetud kase ja kuuse metsadega on väiksem. The forest is sparse ( the average degree of stocking is 0,6) and of low productivity (quality class (IV) V ...Va). Mets on hõre (keskmine täius on 0,6) ja madala tootlikkusega (boniteediklass (IV) V..Va). The typical plants in undergrowth are junipers ; in ground vegetation: blue moor grass, blood-red geranium, bearberry, stemless thistle, mountain sedge etc. The moss layer is fragmentary. Tüüpilised alusmetsa taimed on kadakad; alustaimestikus: 1 lubikas, verev kurereha, leesikas, varretu keelikrohi, metstarn jne. Samblarinne on katkendlik. The small reed (Calamagrostis) alvar site type is widespread on thin (10 ...30
elephant, as much as 660 pounds¹ in a single day. They communicate by touch, sight, and sound; elephants use infrasound, and seismic communication over long distances. I choosed that animal becose I love this animal and it's so big and strong. MORE INTERESTING ABOUT THIS ANIMAL : Because of their large size, elephants have a huge impact on their environments and are considered keystone species. Their habit of uprooting trees and undergrowth can transform savannah into grasslands; when they dig for water during drought, they create waterholes that can be used by other animals.
They are mostly found at lowlands near the equator - Asia, Africa, South & Central America and on many of the Pacific Islands. Almost 50% forests of the world are tropical and subtropical in nature. Rainforests are characterized by high rainfall. They are home to two-thirds of all the living animal and plant species on the planet. Tall, broad-leaved evergreen trees are the dominant plants, forming a leafy canopy over the forest floor. The undergrowth or understory in a rainforest generally consists of shade-tolerant shrubs, herbs, ferns, small trees and large woody vines. The temperature ranges from 5°C to 50°C. Human uses of tropical and subtropical forests: o Habitation - Humans have and do exploit rainforests for food and shelter in several parts of the world. o Cultivated foods and spices - Coffee, chocolate, bananas etc
oil plantation in search of food. Mother orangutans are also often killed by poachers and have their babies taken to be sold or kept as pets, or used for entertainment in wildlife tourism parks in countries such as Thailand and Bali. Deforestation for palm oil production also contributes significantly to climate change. The removal of the native forests often involves the burning of invaluable timber and remaining forest undergrowth, emitting immense quantities of smoke into the atmosphere and making Indonesia the third highest greenhouse gas emitter in the world. The establishment of oil palm plantations is often promoted as a way of bringing development to poor, rural regions of Borneo and Sumatra. In reality, the industry often has devastating impacts on the people in these areas. All too often, the government’s main interest
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