4 mg/kg bw/day. b) Reproduction toxity · Developmental toxicity The critical exposure level for potential developmental toxicity has been determined to be 150 mg/person/day or 15 mg/m3. · Reproduction toxicity No effects in any of the organs of the reproductive system of either males or females (for mice). No information is available on the reproductive effects of aniline in humans. · Teratogenicity Toxic starting from 21 mg aniline/kg bw/day. c) Carcinogenicity Aniline is currently classified as carcinogenic, category 3 and labelled with R40 "limitedevidence of a carcinogenic effect". Animal studies have shown an increase in tumors of the spleen in rats exposed to aniline hydrochloride. EPA calculated an oral cancer slope factor of 5.7 x 10-3 (mg/kg/d) -1 and an oral unit risk estimate of 1.6 × 10- 7 (µg/L)-1.
Östrogeeniretseptorid Glükokortikoidretseptorid ... · Mis juhtub arengus, kui loode on eksponeeritud RA kõrgetele kontsentratsioonidele? Mis on teratogeen? teratogeen: med. aine või tegur, mis põhjustab loote väärarengu kui loode on eksponeeritud RA kõrgetele konsentratsioonidel on tulemuseks väärareng, kuna RA on teratogeen. Malformations are largely analogous to those associated with synthetic retinoid teratogenicity in humans, such as anencephaly, spinabifida, cleft lip, cleft palate, micronathia, microphthalmia, several types of malformation to the ear, teeth, salivary glands and aortic arch, ventricular septal defects, imperforate anus, omphalocele, renal agenesis, polycystic kidney, hydronephrosis, phocomelia, digit malformation, certain defects of the genitalia, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, skull, vertebrae, ribs, and muscles and situs inversus. · Mis on neuroblastoom
fetal development" (WHO IARC, 1995). Studies in Animals Effects on Fertility No studies devoted solely to reproductive effects using formaldehyde were performed. Doses that induced stomach lesions in the chronic drinking water study with rats approx. 82 and 109 mg/kg b.w./day for male and female rats, respectively, did not reveal adverse effects on reproductive organs. Developmental Toxicity An inhalation prenatal toxicity study using up to date methodology showed the absence of teratogenicity after inhalation of 2, 5, or 10 ppm (2.4, 6, 12 mg/m 3 ) of formaldehyde during gestation days 6 - 15 in the rat. Conclusion In humans, transient and reversible sensory irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract has been observed in clinical studies and epidemiological surveys. Odor threshold for most people ranges between 0.5 and 1 ppm. In general, eye irritation, the most sensitive endpoint, is associated with airborne concentrations beginning in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 ppm
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