NOUVELLE VAGUE: MURRANGU SAABUMINE PRANTSUSE FILMIKUNSTIS Referaat-essee Tallinn 2014 Nouvelle Vague: murrangu saabumine Prantsuse filmikunstis SISUKORD Sissejuhatus ....................................................................................................................... 3 1 Eelmäng uue laine kerkimisele .................................................................................. 4 1.1 Caméra-stylo ...................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Cahiers du Cinéma ja Cinémathèque ................................................................. 5 1.3 Autoriteooria ...................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Labarthe’i järjestusgraafik ................................................................................. 7
Grazing animals can have a more direct effect on woody plants by the browsing of palatable woody species. There is evidence that unpalatable woody plants have increased under grazing in savannas. Grazing also promotes the spread of weeds in savannas by the removal or reduction of the plants which would normally compete with potential weeds and hinder establishment. In addition to this cattle and horses are implicated in the spread of the seeds of weed species such as Prickly Acacia and Stylo. These alterations in savanna species composition brought about by grazing can alter ecosystem function, and are exacerbated by overgrazing and poor land management practices. Introduced grazing animals can also affect soil condition through physical compaction and break-up of the soil caused by the hooves of animals and through the erosion effects caused by the removal of protective plant cover. Such effects are most likely to occur on land subjected to repeated and heavy grazing
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