), directly opposite the leaders of the Opposition . The chairman of the House of Commons is known as the "Speaker", and he or she presides over each parliamentary session, deciding who can speak. A significant aspect of the House of Commons is the importance given to the Parliamentary Opposition . It is structured with an official Leader (The Leader of the Opposition ) and a "shadow cabinet ", consisting of spokesmen for the Opposition each with an official portfolio corresponding to that of a government minister. Most of the time the debates in the House of Commons are devoted to projects of government legislation . Most bills are put formard by the government ministers. However, some time is given to bills tabled by individual MPs (known as Private Members' bills), or to bills tabled by the opposition (known as Opposition motions) . In each session of Parliament,
He was then 9 years old and until the age of 20 he was under the control of powergul nobles. When he became independent, he became involved in wars & got foreign advisers. This upset the nobles. Their leader Simon de Montfort took over the government and called a Great Council in 1258. It included knights, barons & bishops. It forced Henry III to get rif of his foreign advisers and he signed a document in Oxford. In 1265 de Montfort called Parliament. For the first time nobles & spokesmen from both towns & shires met. It was made up of barons, bishops and abbots as usual, but also included 2 knights from every hire and 2 burgesses from every borough. Many nobles didn't support Simon de Montfort, a civil war broke out. De Montfort was defeated and killed. In 1295 Henry III's son Edward I brought together the ,,represantive institution", ,,Model Parliament", the 1st to include nobles, clergy & commoners. It was a mixture of ,,gentry"
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