102 to 152 40 to 60 STATES 51 to 102 20 to 40 Bat ag ues 25 to 51 10 to 20 Lowest average annu al Atlanta . J ust as moisture-rich rrade winds precipita tion : 1.2 " (3.0 cm) Under 25 Under 10 sweep th ro ugh the Caribbean to st rike a nd soak Cen tral Am erica, p revailing westerly win ds eme rge
assessed. Intimately related with this is the dinium isothiocyanate, SDS, CTAB) and selection of the correct weight or volume that chelating agents (EDTA); cleanup steps must be processed from each sample. come next, using organic solvents (chloro- Generally, a portion about 0.1 to 1 g from the form, phenol); and finally, DNA is separated received sample is considered sufficient for and concentrated by alcohol/salt precipita- processing (Pietsch et al. 1997; Zimmermann tion (ethanol or isopropanol), affinity, or ion/ et al. 1998a, b, c; van Duijn et al. 2002). exchange purification columns (Hernandez et The DNA-based methods, especially al. 2005). One of the most commonly used those based on its amplification, rely on dif- procedures for DNA extraction in GMO ferent analytical steps: the DNA extraction, analysis is the CTAB-based protocol (Rogers
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