Smog Author: Uku Volke 12.A TKiG, 2012 Problem · Highly toxic · Term originates from the 19th century London · Coined in Daily Telegraph July 26, 1905 · Worsened by thermal inversions Origin: Smo(ke) + (fo)g = Smog Main Causes The London Smog: coalpowered industry. Photochemical smog = vehicular fumes + industrial fumes + sunlight The main pollutants: NO2, SO2 Thermal Inversion Health Risks · Bad for everyone · Extra risk for people with heart, lung conditions and children, elderly Smog in NYC, 1988 Beijing, 2005 The Worst Case Scenario 5 "Smoggiest" Cities · Beijing, China · New Delhi, India · Santiago, Chile · Mexico City, Mexico · Ulanbataar, Mongolia Alternative Meanings
For very long periods the failure can occur at lower stress levels than would be predicted for shorter periods Plastic Pipe Failures Water Absorption Universal solvent reacts Destroys adhesive bonds with the backbone chain Chalking or Decreases tensile pigmentation or strength and stiffness reinforcement Increases creep strain Photochemical promotes Hydrolysis reactions are free radical reactions slow Lower glass transition Processing stabilisers temperature remove moisture if used Reduces electrical resistance Regrind & Water Adsorption Regrind Water Adsorption Regrind does not change 3-4% the material properties Pre-drying resin Contamination will recommended
the chromatogram. This unresolved complex mixture (UCM) of hydrocarbons is particularly apparent when analysing weathered oils and extracts from tissues of organisms exposed to oil. Incomplete combustion of petroleum or petrol results in production of toxic byproducts. Too little oxygen results in carbon monoxide. Due to the high temperatures and high pressures involved, exhaust gases from petrol combustion in car engines usually include nitrogen oxides which are responsible for creation of photochemical smog. Formation Structure of a vanadium porphyrin compound (left) extracted from petroleum by Alfred E. Treibs, father of organic geochemistry. Treibs noted the close structural similarity of this molecule and chlorophyll a (right). Petroleum is a fossil fuel derived from ancient fossilized organic materials, such as zooplankton and algae. Vast quantities of these remains settled to sea or lake bottoms, mixing with sediments and being buried under anoxic conditions. As further layers
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