signifier. It need not be a 'real object' but is some referent to which the signifier refers. The thing signified is created in the perceiver and is internal to them. Whilst we share concepts, we do so via signifiers. Whilst the signifier is more stable, the signified varies between people and contexts. The signified does stabilize with habit, as the signifier cues thoughts and images. Signifier + signified = sign • Onomatopoeic words (examples) Argh, achoo, bang, bark, meow, moo… • Roman Jakobson – intralingual, interlingual and intersemiotic translation. Problems in telling the difference between intra and interlingual translation (social and regional language varieties). Interpretation of a verbal sign according to Roman Jakobson can happen in three ways: Intralingual-(within)- Eng-Eng/Fin-Fin/Est-Est Interlingual-(between)- Est-Eng/Rus-Ger Intersemiotic-(between)- Sound-Words/Words-Sound. F.e.-in movies
(buzz, rattle, splash, squeak) More original, expressive cases combine nonce coinages (the train choo-chooed to the station, Prr-umph! A devastating crush was heard) Alliteration--the use of words that begin with the same sound in order to make a special effect, especially in poetry. It goes back to Anglo-Saxon poetry. It may convey various shades of meaning. F at the beginning may imitate blowing wind. In that case alliteration becomes onomatopoeic in quality. The function of alliteration depends on the peculiar context; its rhythmical value goes hand in hand with the connotations it evokes. According to Boulton: · B and p--quickness, movement, scorn · M, n, ng--humming, singing · l--liquids in motion, water · k, g, st, ts, ch--harshness, cruelty · s, sh--hissing, also soft and soothing sounds Assonance--vocalic alliteration, repetition of stressed vowels. It has melodious and emphatic patterns
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