Mandrijäätekkelised kuhjevormid Christopher Tammesoo 9.a Rainis Tsänk 9.a Sissejuhatus Mandrijäätekkelisi kuhjevorme on kahte liiki: - moreentasandikud, - moreenkünkad, Need koosnevad enamasti moreenist. Moreen Moreen on erineva suurusega kivimiosakeste sorteerimata segu, mille on kuhjanud liustik. Moreen koosneb liivast, aleuriidist, kruusast, savist, veeristest ja rahnudest. Eestis laialt levinud. Põhiline osa Eesti mullast põhineb moreenil. Moreenkünkad Mandrijää sulamisel tekkinud moreenist küngas. Kujunesid kohtades, kus mandrijää taandumine oli keerukas. Moreenkünkaid eraldavad üksteisest nõod ja orud. Otepää kõrgustik Haanja kõrgustik Moreentasandikud Moreentasandikud on kujunenud peamiselt põhjamoreeni väljasettimisel jääliust...
cow-wheat, Lerchenfeldia flexuosa. Alustaimestik sisaldab kanarbikku, pohla, mustikat, kukemarja, palu-härgheina, võnkvart. In the moss layer the dominant species are Pleurozium schreberi and Dicranum. Samblarindes on domineerivaks liigid palusammal ja kaksikhambad. MESOTROPHIC (PINE) FORESTS - PALUMETSAD The mesotrophic (pine) forests grow on soils of average to high fertility which have been formed on thick layers of sand or on double- layer parent material (sands on moraine). Palumetsad kasvavad keskmise kuni keskmisest kõrgema viljakusega muldadel, mis on moodustunud tüsedatel liivakihtidel või kahekihilisel lähtekivimil (moreeniliivad). The humus horizon is either absent or it is thin and contains only little humus. Huumushorisont kas puudub või on õhuke ja sisaldab huumust vähesel määral. Mainly the pine and in the more fertile regions also the spruce dominate the tree layer. Puurindes domineerib peamiselt mänd ja viljakamates piirkondades ka kuusk.
Europe. The Finnish landscape is mostly flat with few hills and its highest point, the Halti at 1,324 metres, is found in the extreme north of Lapland at the border between Finland and Norway. The landscape is covered mostly (seventy-five percent of land area) by coniferous taiga forests and fens, with little arable land. The most common type of rock is granite. It is a ubiquitous part of the scenery, visible wherever there is no soil cover. Moraine or till is the most common type of soil, covered by a thin layer of humus of biological origin. The greater part of the islands are found in southwest in the Archipelago Sea, part of the archipelago of the Åland Islands, and along the southern coast in the Gulf of Finland. Finland is one of the few countries in the world whose surface area is still growing. Owing to the post-glacial rebound that has been taking place since the last ice age, the
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