He did great work. The result of his work made it possible for Morse to invent electromagnetic telegraph, for Bell to invent the telephone and for Edison to make electrical light. He requested during life that he be buried under a gravestone of the most ordinary kind. He was very smart man, who discovered many new things; despite of it he refused an offer of knighthood. He preferred to be plain Michael faraday. 6) NEW YEARS CELEBRATIONS New Year's Eve is a time for merriment. At midnight bells ring, horns blow, and friends exchange kisses. Everyone stays up late to celebrate the arrival of another January. Most Americans spend final hours of the old and first hours of the New Year dining and drinking with friends. One popular New Year's Eve drink is eggnog, yellow mixture, Made with eggs, milk or cream, and sugar. One of the nosiest and most crowded of New Year's Eve celebrations takes place in Times Square, New York City
Repetition of stressed vowels in neighbouring words. Like alliteration, it has melodious and emphatic qualities: 15 Tenderly bury the fair young dead ...(La Costa) Or: Forgive what seemed my sin in me. (Tennyson) Normally, assonance does not appear alone: it is accompanied by other means of sound orchestration, i.e alliteration, rhyme: Hear the sledges with the bells Silver bells What a world of merriment their melody foretells! (Poe) Some scholars have attempted to relate vowel sounds to the meaning they convey. The sound / I / , either alone or in dipthtongs, is said to produce the impression of lightness, airiness, brightness. The fields breathe sweet, the daisises kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit ... (T.Nashe) The length of vowels is also relevant: long vowels tend to sound more peaceful or more
HAMLET This? 173 First Clown E'en that. HAMLET Let me see. Takes the skull Alas, poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio: a fellow of infinite jest, of most excellent fancy: he hath borne me on his back a thousand times; and now, how abhorred in my imagination it is! my gorge rims at it. Here hung those lips that I have kissed I know not how oft. Where be your gibes now? your gambols? your songs? your flashes of merriment, that were wont to set the table on a roar? Not one now, to mock your own grinning? quite chap-fallen? Now get you to my lady's chamber, and tell her, let her paint an inch thick, to this favour she must come; make her laugh at that. Prithee, Horatio, tell me one thing. HORATIO What's that, my lord? HAMLET Dost thou think Alexander looked o' this fashion i' the earth? HORATIO E'en so. HAMLET And smelt so? pah! Puts down the skull HORATIO
are, it is not without a battle. What can it be about canned laughter that is so attractive to television ex- ecutives? Why are these shrewd and tested people championing a practice that their potential watchers find disagreeable and their most creative talents find personally insulting? The answer is both simple and intriguing: They know what the research says. Experiments have found that the use of canned merriment causes an audience to laugh longer and more often when humorous material is presented and to rate the material as funnier (Provine, 2000). In addition, some evidence indicates that canned laughter is most effective for poor jokes (No- sanchuk 8{ Lightstone, 1974). In light of these data, the actions of television executives make perfect sense. The introduction of laugh tracks into their comic programming increases the hu-
Comedy belongs to the "plerosis" or filling up portion of the ritual cycle. Once emptying and purging have been fully experienced, it's time to fill up again with some thing healthy, tasty, and life-affirming that stimulates Invigoration and Jubilation. T h e word comedy comes from "komos" which means "the revels," a wild party or orgy. Rituals of Invigoration in very ancient times involved a big feast in which eating, drinking, and all kinds of merriment were encouraged, to make a vivid contrast with the somber tone of the Mortification and Purgation rituals that preceded it. One aspect of comedy is the stirring up of sexual urges. Greek comedy often dealt with power struggles between men and women and celebrated sexuality with exaggerated costumes and situations. Freud considered that there was a strong linkage between laughter and sexuality, and of course sex is a natural catharsis that relieves tension.
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