This initial period, supposedly needed for reading preparation is usually referred to as "onset". Likewise, the author indicates that such a subtitle should not be more than 6 seconds on the screen, because "this would cause automatic re-reading of the subtitle, especially by fast readers". These statements have been decisive to the creation of the so-called "6 second rule", which has become a best-known teaching standard for subtitling over the years. Mayoral (2001, 4) mentions variable reading speeds for cinema (10 frames per foot of film--between 14 and 15 characters per second), as used by the Ameri- can company 20th Century Fox, while the values for television and video would be lower. The author also mentions the television subtitling software program used by the company Screen Subtitling System Ltd, which proposes reading speed fig- ures of 9 characters per second for adults, and half to two third equivalent ones for children.
National Party, Sinn Féin, Plaid Cymru - Party of Wales and so on. There is no election to the House of Lords, but there is election to the House of Commons. There are five types of elections in the United Kingdom: a. United Kingdom general elections, b. elections to devolved parliaments and assemblies, c. elections to the European Parliament, d. local elections e. mayoral elections. Elections are held on Election Day, which is conventionally a Thursday. General elections do not have fixed dates, but must be called within five years of the opening of parliament following the last election. Other elections are held on fixed dates though in the case of the devolved assemblies and parliaments, early elections can occur in certain situations. 14
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