Kreeta-Mükeene Koostasid: Sirli Mändmets ja Kristina Bauer Vana-Kreeka jaguneb perioodiliselt viieks: Kreeta- Mükeene periood, tume ajajärk, tsivilisatsiooni uus tõus, klassikaline ajajärk, hellenismiperiood. Kreeta-Mükeene Kujunes umbes 2000 1000 e.Kr. Algselt arenes välja lossikultuur, algas Minoiline kultuur, mis oli ühtlasi vanem Euroopa kõrgkultuur. Tähtsaim kultuurisaavutus oli lineaarkirja A ja B kasutamine. Sellest ajast pärineb ,,Trooja sõja" temaatika. Tume ajajärk kujunes umbes 1100 800 e.Kr. Iseloomulik oli eraldatus, madal tsivilisatsioonitase, kiri unustati sootuks ning algasid suured väljaränded Kreeka aladelt. Tumeda ajajärgu alguse põhjuseks võib pidada hiidlainet, mis hävitas tollase ühiskonna. Ainus teadaolev kultuurisaavutus oli raua kasutuselevõtmine. Tsivilisatsiooni uus tõus toimus aastatel 800 500 e.Kr. Sel ajal tekkis varanduslik kihistumine ning riiklus. Taas hakkas aset leidma vaimne tege...
Vana-Kreeka Kreeta-Mükeenest hellenismini Sissejuhatus • Väga rikkaliku ja legendiderohke ajalooga • Kutsutakse Euroopa tsivilisatsiooni hälliks • Paljud teadused ja mõtted pärinevad Vana-Kreekast • Ajalugu • Matemaatika • Filosoofia • Füüsika • Loodusteadused • Ideid saadi ümberkaudsetelt rahvastelt ja kultuuridelt • Asetseb Balkani poolsaarel Egeuse mere ääres • Eraldi väiksem Peloponnesose poolsaar • Hellas ja hellenid • Iidne nimetus Kreekale ja kreeklastele • Kasutusel tänasepäevani • Rahvas ise on pärit Mesopotaamia ja India aladelt Kreeta-Mükeene kultuur • Vanim Kreeka (ja Euroopa) aladel tekkinud kultuur • Kujunes välja umbes 2000 e. Kr • Tekkis samal ajal nii Kreeta saarel kui Kreekas Mükeene linnriigis • Mükeene ajastu kreeklasi nimetati hiljem ahhailasteks • Nimetatakse teisiti lossidekultuuriks • Lossides oli olemas näiteks: • Algeline kanalisatsioon • Värv...
One can find several kennings, typical Anglo-Saxon compound metaphors, such as "From captive of hell", "Shepherd-of-evils", "Hardy-in-fight", "The bone-frame", "Keen-souled" etc. In addition to kennings there are also many ordinary metaphors like "The accursed" and "The outlaw", these two referring to Grendel. For the sake of emphasis, parallelism has been brought to play. The repetition of the same idea is a constantly used stylistic device. For example "No keenest blade, no farest of falchions", "That here was the last of life, an end of his days on earth", "Swallowed him piecemeal: swiftly thus the lifeless corse was clean devoured" have more or less the same meaning in both parts of the phrase. Another interesting characteristic of Anglo-Saxon literature is the rarity of similes. There are altogether only five similes in the entire epic and one of them - "Streamed from his eyes fearful flashes, like flame to see" can be found in the extract
the impulse of the moment, or are the result of previous study?" "They arise chiefly from what is passing at the time, and though I sometimes amuse myself with suggesting and arranging such little elegant compliments as may be adapted to ordinary occasions, I always wish to give them as unstudied an air as possible." Mr. Bennet's expectations were fully answered. His cousin was as absurd as he had hoped, and he listened to him with the keenest enjoyment, maintaining at the same time the most resolute composure of countenance, and, except in an occasional glance at Elizabeth, requiring no partner in his pleasure. By tea-time, however, the dose had been enough, and Mr. Bennet was glad to take his guest into the drawing-room again, and, when tea was over, glad to invite him to read aloud to the ladies. Mr. Collins readily assented, and a book was produced; but, on beholding it
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