Russian Orthodoxy was prohibited and the government started promoting atheism ( " T h e r i s e o f , " ) . In 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was created. At first the new nation had only four members: the Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian and Transcaucasian Soviet republics. Over the years the number grew to 15 (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic, Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic, Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic) ( " T h e r i s e o f , " ) .
Republic. There were 436,116 foreigners residing in the country in October 2009, according to the Czech Interior Ministry, with the largest groups being Ukrainian (132,481), Slovak (75,210), Vietnamese (61,102), Russian (29,976), Polish (19,790), German (14,156), Moldovan (10,315), Bulgarian (6,346), Mongolian (5,924), American (5,803), Chinese (5,314), British (4,461), Belarusian (4,441), Serbian (4,098), Romanian (4,021), Kazakh (3,896), Austrian (3,114), Italian (2,580), Dutch (2,553), French (2,356), Croatian (2,351), Bosnian (2,240), Armenian (2,021), Uzbek (1,969), Macedonian (1,787) and Japanese (1,581). The Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia, 118,000 according to the 1930 census, was virtually annihilated by the Nazis during the Holocaust.There were approximately 4,000 Jews in the Czech Republic in 2005. The Czech prime minister, Jan Fischer, is of Jewish origin and faith. The fertility rate is a low 1
hear much melodious strains and cordiality in single voices, dense refined harmony and skilled application of strings. This Concerto was appreciated by several colleagues at the discussion in the Composers’ Union as a profoundly human music.1 During the same decade, Sink was quite fruitful in chamber music that may be considered his true field of action. He brought in influences from Central Asian music (inflectional connections with Kazakh and Kirghiz folk tunes), denying the Western musical dramaturgy and settling in Oriental peace (the three piano sonatas Mountains and Men, 1977). 1 Hugo Lepnurm. Viimaselt sümfooniakontserdilt. Sirp ja Vasar, 10 December 1976. XVIII. THE SEVENTIES. THE NINTH SYMPHONY OF EDUARD TUBIN. THE CREATIVE EVOLUTION OF ARVO PÄRT. In the Eighth Symphony of Tubin, the increasing tragic tone that was driving out optimism, noble feelings and lyrics was clearly observable