heaks asupaigakas mitmesugustele bakteritele. Nii levitab kärbes nakkushaigusi, eriti sooltenakkust (düsvaenteeria, tüüfus, koolera jt), ka paelusside mune ja silmahaiguste tekitajaid. Kärbestest toituvad konnad, linnud, sisalikud, ämblikud jt. Ka sügisesed külmad hävitavad neid. Sellele vaatamata on kärbseid ikkagi palju. Kasutatud allikad Kahetiivalised. (s.a.). Külastatud 12.03.2012, aadressil http://www.zbi.ee/satikad/putukad/karbes/dipter20.htm Housefly, Musca domestics. (s.a.). Külastatud 12.03.2012, aadressil http://www.hortnet.co.nz/publications/hortfacts/hf401042.htm Houseflies. (s.a). Külastatud 12.03.2012, aadressil http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resources/vector302to323.pdf Metsamajandusele kasulikud ja kahjulikud loomad. (s.a.). Külastatud 12.03.2012, aadressil http://scuderia.planet.ee/mets09/upload/13-59%20332-345%20410-453.pdf Bõhhovski, B., Kozlova, J., Montsadski, A. (1977). Zooloogia 7. Kl. Tallinn
heads is symptom. Sunflower headclipping weevil Black weevil, about .25 in. long, causes head drop. Haplorynchites aeneus Sunflower beetle Adult is .25 in. long with yellow strips length of wing Zygogramma exclamationis covers. Humpback yellow larvae causes large areas of defoliation. Sunflower maggot Adult a yellow fly with dark wing markings, smaller than Strauzia longipennis housefly. Maggots burrow in stem. Red sunflower seed weevil Adult about 1/8 in. long, rusty colored, and found in head. Smicronyx fulvus Adult female drills egg hole in developing seed and lays egg in hole. Larvae internal to seed; white legless with dark head capsule. Gray sunflower seed weevil Adult about 1/8 in. long, gray colored; has behavior Smicronyx sordidus similar to red sunflower seed weevil
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