How is a transgenic animal created? · DNA microinjection DNA construct is injected with a needle into a cell, which is then cultured until a certain embryonic period and transferred into a surrogate mother · Retrovirus based Virus vector used to transfer RNA into the cell, which later RTs into DNA and incorporates itself into the genome. This yields chimeric animals, which are then inbred to give homozygotes · Stem cell based Totipotent stem cells are isolated, DNA is transferred into them and they are then incorporated into the embryo to produce chimeric animals GMO insuliin: firmad, tooted ja tulevik Insuliin on peptiidist hormoon. Sünteesitakse pankrease b-rakkudes preproinsuliinina (aktiivne insuliin saadakse ER-s endopeptitaaside abil). Insuliini tase kõrgeim: maks, skeletilihased, rasvkude.
quality bicolour (a mask and mantle effect). When it is extensive (more than 60%), it is called high-grade spotting - the Seychellois or Van pattern. Piebald spotting is a semi-dominant gene with very variable expression. Low grade spotted cats and some medium grade, spotted cats are heterozygotes i.e. they have only one copy of the white spotting gene. Other medium grade spotted cats and all high grade spotted cats are homozygotes i.e. they have 2 copies of the gene. Where cats are in the medium spotted range it is generally impossible to know whether they are heterozygotes or homozygotes unless they are bred to a cat known to be either homozygous or heterozygous. To further complicate matters for breeders, some apparently non-piebald cats are really piebald cats whose white bits are so minimal they might be no more than a few hairs in the groin or at the tip of the tail!
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