Exercise Physiology Anaerobic Energy Systems Anaerobic Pathways · Anaerobic Glycolysis (lactate system) 10 s to 2 minutes. · ATP-PCr (phosphate system) Less than 10 s · 200 m Sprint (50-100 m Sprint swimming) Men's WR:19.32 s - Michael Johnson (37.3 km/h) Women's WR: 21.34s - Flo Griffith-Joyner (34 km/h · Energy system: The lactate system · Fuel: Carbohydrate only Anaerobic Glycolysis · Breakdown of glucose or glycogen via special glycolytic enzymes. · First glucose or glycogen must be converted to Glucose 6-phosphate. Glucose to glucose 6-phosphate costs 1 ATP · Glycolysis produces pyruvic acid, without oxygen pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid. · Net gain 3 moles of ATP (glucose = 2 ATP) Anaerobic Glycolysis · Reserve fuel activated when a person accelerates during race, during the last 200 m of a mile run, or performs a 400 m run or 100 m swim. Lactic Acid/Lactate Formation
these changes reduce the functionality of pro- diet, breed, antemortem stress, postmortem teins in postmortem muscle (Xiong and handling of carcasses, etc. In fact, there have Decker 1995). In living muscle, the redox been reports of differences between animals state of muscle can influence carbohydrate and between muscles in the activity of some metabolism by directly affecting enzymes in enzymes involved in the oxidative defense the glycolytic pathway. Oxidizing agents can system of muscle (Daun et al. 2001). also influence glucose transport. Hydrogen Therefore, there may be genetic differences peroxide (H2O2) can mimic insulin and stim- in susceptibility to oxidation that could be ulate glucose transport in exercising muscle. capitalized on to improve meat quality. It is H2O2 is increased after exercise, and thus oxi- reasonable to hypothesize that differences in
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