Neljas tase vanuselt kolmas järv. Biwa järve vanuseks Viies tase hinnatakse 4 miljonit aastat. Järves on üle 1100 eluvormi, neist 58 liiki on endeemsed. Järve pindala on 670 km², suurim sügavus 104 m, keskmine sügavus 41 m. Kuma jõgi (Kuma-gawa) e juhtslaidi teksti laadide redigeerimiseks ase Kuma on jõgi Jaapanis Kysh saarel. Kolmas tase Ülemjooksul mägijõgi. Voolab valdavalt Neljas tase läände, suubub Yatsushiro lähedal Ida-Hiina Viies tase merre. Pikkus 115 km, valgla 1880 km². Mullastik
Picturesque bridges, such as the Kintaikyo at Iwakuni (1673), with its five wooden arches intricately wedged, slotted, and dovetailed together, are found in Japan. The superstructure of this bridge has been rebuilt for centuries (the central three arches every 18- 22 years, and the side spans every 36 years), maintaining the fine craft tradition of the bridge keepers for centuries (Figure 4). Shogun's Bridge (1638), crossing the Daiya-gawa River in the sacred City of Nikko, is the oldest known cantilever. The bridge was badly damaged in the typhoon of 1902, rebuilt, and exists today bearing foot traffic. It consists of hewn stone piers pierced with rectangular holes that permit the insertion of tightly fitting cut-stone struts, two anchor spans, timber beams jutting out in cantilever form, and a suspended span. Figure 3 Bridge of Khaju (1667), Isfahan (Iran), Figure 4 Kintaiko (1673), Iwakuni (Japan), with its five
annaabi.ee 
