THE MILLENIUM FOOTBRIDGE What, where & when? • For pedestrians • located between Southward Bridge (downstream) and Black friars Railway Bridge (upstream) • Connects St.Paul’s Catherdal and Tate Modern • owned and maintained by the Bridge House Estates • Construction of the bridge began in 1998 • opening on 10 June 2000. Closing, unexpected & not safety? • Londoners nicknamed Wobbly Bridge • crossed by 90,000 people, with up to 2,000 on the bridge at any one time. • a charity walk on behalf of Save the Children • Swaying motion • Closed after two days of limited access. • Reopened after two years when the bridge was entirely safe. In 2002. Particulars : • Design : Suspension bridge • Total length: 370 meters • Width: 4 meters • Longest span:144 meters • 5,000 people on the bridge at one time • on 28 April 1999 by Monberg Thorsen and Sir Robert McAlpine • cost of £18.2 million A little bit mo...
11241153), who built it as a private chapel for the royal family and dedicated it to his mother, Saint Margaret of Scotland, who died in the castle in 1093. The castle has sheltered many Scottish monarchs. They include Queen Margaret (later St Margaret), who died here in 1093, and Mary Queen of Scots, who gave birth to James VI in the Royal Palace in 1566. Eilean Donan Eilean Donan is a small island in Loch Duich in the western Highlands of Scotland. Connected to the mainland by a footbridge, the island is dominated by a picturesque medieval castle. The original castle was built in the early 13th century as a defense against the Vikings. Today, the castle is one of the most photographed monuments in Scotland and a popular venue for weddings and film locations. Loch Ness One of the most famous lakes in the world, Loch Ness is the second largest loch in Scotland after Loch Lomond. About a mile wide at most places it holds the legend of an infamous sea monster
a number of major cities. It was founded by wax sculptor Marie Tussaud and was formerly known as "Madame Tussaud's". It displays waxworks of historical and royal figures, film stars, sports stars and famous murderers. · Millenium Bridge - The London Millennium Footbridge is a steel suspension bridge for pedestrians crossing the River Thames in London. The southern end of the bridge is near Globe Theatre, the Bankside Gallery and Tate Modern, the north end next to the City of London School below St Paul's Cathedral. The bridge has two river piers and is made of three main sections of 81 metres144 metres and 108 metres with a total structure length of 325 metresthe aluminium deck is 4 metres. Approximately
The bombings destroyed much of central London, including a part of St. Paul's Cathedral, although the cathedral suffered only minor damage. The London Docks declined after the war. Between 1972-1982 the Thames Barrier was built to control flooding along the river. This consists of 10 moveable underwater gates supported by 7 shining steel half-domes strung across the river. The Millennium The new Millennium saw the opening of the Millennium Bridge, a footbridge constructed over the Thames. London Eye and the Millennium Dome were also built to commemorate the new millennium. History timeline and the buildings 400 BC - Celtic period 43 AD - Romans invaded England and built Londinium 61 AD - Queen Boudicca attacked Londinium 122 AD - London Wall was built 410 AD - The Romans left England 5th century - The SAxons established Lundenwic 604 - St Paul's Cathedral was built 9th century - the Danes attacked London
described as a "stiffened" bridge in an article he published in Portfolio in 1810. The span displayed all the essential elements of the modern suspension bridge: a level deck hung from a catenary system suspended over towers and anchored in the ground, and a truss-stiffened deck, resulting in a rigid bridge capable of supporting relatively heavy loads. The world's first wire-cable suspension bridge was a 408ft (124m) temporary footbridge built in 1816 for the workers of wire manufacturers Josiah White and Erskine Hazard over the Schuylkill in Philadelphia. The USA contributed little more until the middle of the century, but these inventions were immediately followed up in Europe. The French and Swiss continued to use wire cables, developing methods of fabricating the cables in situ. In 1822, Marc Séguin proposed a suspension cable made up of one hundred thin iron wires, erected his first suspension bridge (actually a catwalk
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