2. Which of the following is considered ascribed status? Job Gender - yes Age - yes Position Race – yes 3. A member state of the Commonwealth of Nations which recognizes Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state is called A Crown dependency A constituent country A Commonwealth realm - see 4. The principle that an individual human’s beliefs and activities should be understood bu other in terms of that individual’s own culture is known as Chauvinism Ethnocentrism Racism Cultural relativism- see 5. Math the examinations to their explanations An examination taken to complete the first stage of secondary education – a-level An examination in a particular subject that pupils have to pass if they want to go to university – CGSE 6. A school financially supported by the state is known in the UK as An independent school A public school A maintained school - see 7
nationalists often defend the value of national identity by saying that individuals need a national identity in order to lead meaningful, autonomous lives,[46][47] and that liberal democratic polities need national identity in order to function properly.[48][49] 48. Ethnic minorities- ethnic minority – a national or racial group living in a country or area which contains a larger group of people of a different race or nationality • Ethnic identity in Britain is about minorities. 49. Ethnocentrism- Ethnocentrism is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture. Ethnocentric individuals judge other groups relative to their own ethnic group or culture, especially with concern for language, behavior, customs, and religion. These ethnic distinctions and subdivisions serve to define each ethnicity's unique cultural identity. [2] Ethnocentrism may be overt or subtle, and while it is considered a natural proclivity of human
Müller-Lyeri illusioon. Etnotsentrism ja kultuurilise varieeruvuse tõlgendamine Evolutsioonililine perspektiiv – kõige suurem vastuseis klt psühholoogidelt, sest kas on võimalik psühholoogilise fenomeni standardit objektiivselt identifitseerida? Pigem võetakse relativistlik perspektiiv, mille kohaselt tajuline süsteem vormub kogemuste käigus. Reeglina viib etnotsentrism eelduseni, et inimese enda kultuur ja eluviis on mingil moel paremad kui teiste omad. Etnotsentrismi kalde (ethnocentrism bias) tõttu on raske kaaluda enda kultuuristandardist erinevaid viise üldise standardini, kuhu poole püüelda. Nt kuidas määratleda kõige kõrgema elustandardiga kultuuri? Reeglina kipuvad inimesed kõrgemalt hindama/eelistama neid omadusi/saavutusi, mis on enda kultuuris kõrgel tasemel. Lawrence Kohlberg’i moraalse arengu staadiumid (1971) Kõige mõjukam moraalse mõttekäigu mudel on evolutsioonilisest perspektiivist tuletatud ehk siis inimeste
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