1. Taking account of the types of activity and/or size of the undertakings concerned, Member States may specify categories of undertakings allowed to replace totally, partially or temporarily the illuminated signs, and/or acoustic signals provided for in this Directive by alternative measures which afford the same level of protection. 2. Member States may derogate, after consulting both sides of industry, from the application of Annex VIII, section 2 and/or Annex IX, section 3, whilst laying down alternative measures guaranteeing the same level of protection. 3. Member States shall consult, in accordance with national laws and/or practice, employers' and workers' organizations when implementing paragraph 1.
international law and it blew up the boat in the New Zealand waters. Civil responsibility To establish responsibility there should be also absence of excuses or defences: Consent if there are certain obligations between countries they can always agree on something different and therefore the breach of the obligations is legal. One exception: jus cogens norms (no state cannot derogate from them). Self-defence use of force and threatening is prohibited, the only exceptions are self-defence and the decision of the Security Council of the UN (if there's threat to peace) Force Majeure "acts of God", acts in nature no state, no human beings have control over, major natural disaster etc. it can be used as defence/excuse in certain limitations: 1) only when
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