In 1900, Churchill became Conservative member of parliament for Oldham. But he became disaffected with his party and in 1904 joined the Liberal Party. When the Liberals won the 1905 election, Churchill was appointed undersecretary at the Colonial Office. In 1908 he entered the Cabinet as president of the Board of Trade, becoming home secretary in 1910. The following year he became first lord of the Admiralty. He held this post in the first months of World War One but after the disastrous Dardanelles expedition, for which he was blamed, he resigned. He joined the army, serving for a time on the Western Front. In 1917, he was back in government as minister of munitions. From 1919 to 1921 he was secretary of state for war and air, and from 1924-1929 was chancellor of the exchequer. The next decade were his 'wilderness years', in which his opposition to Indian self-rule and his support for Edward VIII during the 'Abdication Crisis' made him
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia and its ally France 10 mln dead, USA new world power, germany, 2 nd rate counrty, 3 other empires Russian, Austrian, Osman declined The Callipoli campaign In 1915 following the Turkish attack on Russia, the allies-Britain, France and Russia launched unsuccessful campaign It was a British attempt to end deadlock of french warfare by forcing a passage through the Dardanelles, forcing Turkey out of the war. Operation failed Expeditionary force witdrew The Mesopotamian campaign Began in 1914, when an Indian force landed at Abadan to protect oil installations. It was a British campaign, aim was to secure Persian oil supplies. 1916 10 000 soldiers were captured by the Turks. Baghdad fell. The Tyrks were defeated, adied by the Arab revolt. Jerusalem was taken in the end of 1917 and Damascus and Aleppo fell in 1918
First there are territorial waters that are covered by the state, then there are contiguous zone and exclusive economic zones and continental shelf. In addition there are international straits, channels and rivers (this is where many have disputes). The idea is that all of them are regulated by international treaties, coastal states don't necessarily have a say. E.g. Panama channel, Suess channel, Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, straits between Sweden and Denmark, Danube river, river Nile Lecture 4 Antarctica Antarctica's unique regime was established by the Antarctic Treaty (Washington, 1 December 1959). Originally signed by 12 countries which were not far from Antarctica or had some explorations there (UK, Japan, South-Africa etc). Initially concluded for 30 years, then prolonged. Some scholars consider the treaty's principles as norms of customary international law.
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