Early Career Born to a freeman farmer family in England After his father's death, only 16, he quit school and started his life as a traveler and adventurer He first served as a trainee to a local merchant In 1597 he joined the army and went to wae Captured and kept as a slave for two years Managed to escape and return to England Virginia Colony Became with the Virginia Company to colonize North America for profit On May 13, 1607, 144 colonists landed at Jamestown Smith became one of the councilors of the Virginia colony Explored Jamestown and initiated small trades with the local Indians In 1607, local Indians captured John Smith along with other colonists when they encountered an Indian hunting party All the other colonists were killed and Smith was taken to the Chief He was saved by the Chief's daughter Pocahontas Smith became the president of the Jamestown Colony on September 10, 1608 A love story? He loved her as a friend Captain John Smith described
in internal turmoil and much bloodshed. 9. In what way was Elizabeth I able to keep peace and order in the country? Under Elizabeth, order was restored and England entered upon her most glorious age. Elizabeth ruled wisely and well for 45 years. Through her policy of middle-of-the-road Protestantism, she held in check throughout her reign the proponents of Catholicism on one hand and the growing numbers of Puritan extremists on the other. A master politician, wise in the choice of her councilors, Elizabeth established a strong central government that received the loyal support of her subjects. 10. What led England to become a world power? During Elizabeth's reign, England began to gain supremacy on the seas. Threatened by an invasion from the long-time enemy, the King of Spain, Elizabeth sent Hawkins and Drake out to destroy the Spanish Armada. England's increasing population created new markets and brought about the exploitation of new sources of raw materials, among them
He discovered that the Swedes spent as much administering Livonia (300 times smaller than his empire) as he spent on the entire Russian bureaucracy. He was forced to dismantle the province's government. After 1718, Peter established colleges in place of the old central agencies of government, including foreign affairs, war, navy, expense, income, justice, and inspection. Later others were added. Each college consisted of a president, a vice-president, a number of councilors and assessors, and a procurator. Some foreigners were included in various colleges but not as president. Peter believed he did not have enough loyal and talented persons to put in full charge of the various departments. Peter preferred to rely on groups of individuals who would keep check on one another. Decisions depended on the majority vote. In 1722 Peter created a new order of precedence known as the Table of Ranks. Formerly, precedence had been determined by birth
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