infintry, colonel, fiasco, bimbo, influence, mafia, graffito, papparazzo, pizza, pasta, macarony, vernicelli, spagetti, broccoli, ruconini, tutti-frutti, tiramisu, asti, DUTCH- boom, buoy, cabose, sloop, skipper, smack, yacht, dock, cruise, freight, scow, spool, kink, easel, etch, landscape, isinglass, dollar, brandy, geneves, tattoo, newizer, gherkien, buckwheat, wagon, boor, bumkin, wallnut, boss, cookie, coleslaw, santaclause, the bronx, harlem, brooklyn, coney island ASIA- wallah, curry, coolie, juggernaut, bungalow, bundit, jungle, bandama, toddy, punch, verandah, AFRICA- trek, apartheid, biltong, hoppie, hottentot, bushman, mialie, aardwark, nocturanal, hartbust, springbok, kudu. AMERICA- wigwam, hickery, beckan, chipmonk, moose, terrapin, quahog, hominy, bemmican, totem, papose, squaw, tomahoow, igloo, kayak, opossum, squash, mugwump, alaska, arizona, chesapeake bay, cheyenne, chicago, connecticut, dakota, cansas,
pizza, pasta, macaroni, vermicelli, spaghetti, broccoli, tutti-frutti, tiramisu, asti, Dutch borrowings boom, buoy, caboose, sloop, skipper, smack, yacht, dock, cruise, freight, scow, spool, kink, easel, etch, landscape, isinglass, dollar, brandy, geneves, tattoo, newizer, gherkien, buckwheat, wagon, boor, pumpkin, walnut, boss, cookie, coleslaw, Santa Clause, the Bronx, Harlem, Brooklyn, Coney Island Borrowings from Asian languages wallah, curry, coolie, juggernaut, bungalow, pundit, jungle, bandana, toddy, punch, verandah, Etymological doublets Words that have the same etymological roots but have entered the language differently. One, two or more words derived from one source. E.g. Cattle- chattle, road-raid, guarantee-warranty- guaranty. Folk etymology 1 - commonly held misunderstanding of the original word. Rosmarine- rosemary, somblind- sand-blind. 2 - when people themselves have made the word up-
o Easel, etch, landscape, Random o Isinglass, dollar, brandy, gin, tattoo, rover, buckwheat, wagon, walrus, boss, cookie, coleslaw, 5 New York place names o The Bronx – Jonas Bronck o Brooklyn – Breukelyn o Coney Island – rabbit island 12. Borrowings from Asian languages Indian: Bungalow, curry, coolie, dinghy, dungaree, ghee, gymkhana, lakh, loot, paisa, Raj, samosa, shampoo, tandoori, tom-tom, wallah. Javanese: bantam, batik, gamelan, junk. Malay: amok, bamboo, caddy, camphor, cassowary, cockatoo, dugong, durian, gecko, gingham, gong, kampong/compound, kapok, kris, lory, mangosteen, orang-utan, paddy, pangolin, rattan, sago, sarong. Sanskrit through various languages: ashram, avatar, banya, banyan, beryl, brahmin, carmine, cheetah,
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