that it's much more useful to make up smll factories to produce wool. Needed more sheep, more pastures for them. Took way common lands, surrounded them with fences. This process is called the enclosure (tarastamine). Peasants lost grass land, couldn't grow animals, had to move to big towns. Science and learning 1492 America was discovered by Columbus. Vasco da Gama found searoute to India (Suessi kanal 1950). Magalhaesi väin between South America and Tulemaa saar. He circumnavigated the Earth. Copernic claimed that the sun was the centre of the universe and other planets went around it. Establishment of Protestant churches movement was started by Martin Luther. Different branches of this movement in France Calvinism, Chatolic. Constant conflic between them in Ulster ( North-Ireland). In the 15th century printing was diccovered in Germany. 1476 a man called Caxton opened the first printing shop in London. Books became cheaper. Until that books were copied by clergyman
in Britannia to protect against rebellion and incursions from the north, from which Roman troops built and manned Hadrian's Scotland had been inhabited for thousands of years before the Romans arrived. However, it is only towards the Roman period that Scotland is recorded in writing. In the 4th century BC Aristotle knew of "Albinn" and "Ierne" (the islands of Great Britain and Ireland). The Greek explorer Pytheas visited Britain sometime between 322 and 285 BC and may have circumnavigated the mainland, which he describes as being triangular in shape. In his On the Ocean Pytheas refers to the most northerly point as Orcas, conceivably a reference to Orkney. The earliest written record of a formal connection between Rome and Scotland is the attendance of the "King of Orkney" who was one of eleven British kings who submitted to the Emperor Claudius at Colchester in AD 43 following the invasion of southern Britain three months earlier
The deepest level excavated was 3.60 meters above sea level. Archaeological finds show human activity at that level with the discovery of carbonised wood.[citation needed] An important function of the Forum, during both Republican and Imperial times, was to serve as the culminating venue for the celebratory military processions known as Triumphs. Victorious generals entered the city by the western Triumphal Gate (Porta Triumphalis) and circumnavigated the Palatine Hill (counterclockwise) before proceeding from the Velian Hill down the Via Sacra and into the Forum.[5] From here they would mount the Capitoline Rise (Clivus Capitolinus) up to the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the summit of the Capitol. Lavish public banquets ensued back down on the Forum.[6] (In addition to the Via Sacra, the Forum was accessed by a number of storied roads and streets,
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