Nucleophilic addition Reduction of the carbonyl group C=O by sodium tetrahydridoborate produces a secondary alcohol group CHOH. Second step: Sn1 nucleophilic substitution of the hydroxyl group To improve reactivity of alcohols the leaving anion OH is converted into H2O CH3)3COH + HCl (37%) (CH3)3COH2(+) Cl() (CH3)3C(+) Cl() + H2O (CH3)3CCl + H2O (SN1 ) Third step: During this step Grignard reagent is formed. Forth step: The nucleophilic addition : carboxylic acid production H-NMR · Applied magnetic field With the magnetic field, the energy level is lower Against magnetic field, the energy level is higher Protons go up on energy level and once they come down it is possible to see the energy admitted and there will be peak on the spectrum
2-methyl-3-[methylthio]furan Meaty, sweet, sulfurous 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone (HMF) Meaty Pyrazines Nutty, cracker-like, roasted Amino acids: glycine, alanine, lysine, cysteine, methionine, Sweet glutamine, succinic Organic acids: lactic, inosinic, ortho-phosphoric, and pyrrolidone Sweet carboxylic Amino acids: aspartic acid, histidine, asparagines Sour Organic acids: succinic, lactic, inosinic, ortho-phosphoric, Sour pyrrolidone carboxylic Hypoxanthine, anserine, carnosine Bitter Amino acids: arginine, leucine, tryptophan Bitter Monosodium glutamate (MSG), inosine and guanosine Savory, brothy, beefy. monophosphate (IMP,GMP)
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