Seda kirjalikult välja tuua oleks olnud sama hea kui ise inkvisitsiooni piinakambrisse jalutada. Galileo leidis, et talle on ohutum ja teadusele kasulikum, kui ta edasi elab ja inkvisitsioonipoolse vahelesegamiseta oma katseid jätkab. Kuid hoolimata Galileo ettevaatlikusest oli ta määratud saama mitte üksnes õpetlaseks, vaid ka märtriks. Igivalvas inkvisitsioon valitses Firenze maakonnas piiramatu võimuga. Suurinkvisiitor kardinal Bellarmine pani tähele, et kuigi Galileo ei puuduta maa ümber päikese liikumise küsimust, kuulutas ta end siiski Koperniku järgijaks. Seetõttu sai Galileo 26. märtsil 1616. aastal käsu ilmuda inkvisitsioonikohtu ette. Kardinal Bellarmine ,,soovitas" Galileol loobuda ,,ketserlikest" arusaamadest maa, päikese ja tähtede kohta. Tal ei lubatud selliseid mõtteid kohtuliku süüdistuse ähvardusel ei mõelda ega edasi anda, samuti mitte neid suuliselt või kirjalikult kaitsta
The religious authorities at Rome were uneasy with the New Science. Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo seemed to be turning the world upside down. The sun was the center of the cosmos, the earth moved and the sky seemed to hold hidden visions. In effect, the Scientific Revolution had created an invisible world behind the visible world and those men of an older generation, weaned on Aristotle and Aquinas were fearful of it. On April 12, 1615, Cardinal Bellarmine (15421621) wrote his famous LETTER TO FOSCARINI , a letter which expressed his displeasure with Copernican theory. The following year, Galileo was summoned [ kutsuti välja ] to Rome and ordered to desist teaching Copernican theory. He was, however, free to think about Copernican theory, but he could not teach it or write about it. Galileo agreed to this condition but still maintained that his mechanical philosophy described the natural world better than any alternative explanation
in his writings: this I expected to have found in the first chapter of his Patriarcha. But instead thereof, having, 1. en passant, made his obeysance to the arcana imperii, p. 5. 2. made his compliment to the rights and liberties of this, or any other nation, p. 6. which he is going presently to null and destroy; and, 3. made his leg to those learned men, who did not see so far into the matter as himself, p. 7. he comes to fall on Bellarmine, p. 8. and, by a victory over him, establishes his fatherly authority beyond any question. Bellarmine being routed by his own confession, p. 11. the day is clear got, and there is no more need of any forces: for having done that, I observe not that he states the question, or rallies up any arguments to make good his opinion, but rather tells us the story, as he thinks fit, of this strange kind of domineering
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