Russian philology
Russia's literary history to produce a set of historical novels mainly set in the Pushkin era
(e.g., Young Pushkin: A Novel).
Writers like those of the Serapion Brothers group, who insisted on the right of an author to
write independently of political ideology, were forced by authorities to reject their views and
accept socialist realist principles. Some 1930s writers, such as Mikhail Bulgakov, author of
The Master and Margarita, and Nobel Prizewinning Boris Pasternak with his novel Doctor
Zhivago continued the classical tradition of Russian literature with little or no hope of being
published. Their major works would not be published until the Khrushchev Thaw, and
Pasternak was forced to refuse his Nobel prize.
Meanwhile, émigré writers, such as poets Vladislav Khodasevich, Georgy Ivanov and
Vyacheslav Ivanov; novelists such as Mark Aldanov, Gaito Gazdanov and Vladimir Nabokov;
and short story Nobel Prize winning writer Ivan Bunin, continued to write in exile.
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