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to be cleaned. Application through a central- dures. The moderately alkaline compounds
ized or portable high pressure-low volume (pH 10–12), such as sodium metasilicate,
system, using 50° to 55°C water could be a have good dissolving powers and are formu-
solution for large surfaces such as floor and lated in detergents to aid the removal of fats
wall areas, as well as working tables, con- and grease. Mildly alkaline compounds (pH
tainers, and equipment. The pressure should 7–10) are used for manual cleaning. An
be between 30–70 bar and the spraying example is sodium carbonate, which is used
nozzle ≤15 cm from the surface to be cleaned; in many manual and heavy-duty detergent
otherwise, the pressure being applied mixtures as a buffering agent and for its
decreases rapidly. If hot water is used, the water softening capabilities.
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