Füsikalismi tüübid. Chalmersi järgi jagunevad vastused episteemilistele argumentidele tüüpidesse. 3 materialismi tüüpi ja 3 mittereduktsionismi tüüpi: A-tüüp – ei leidu episteemilist lünka. Eliminativism, analüütiline funktsionalism, biheiviourism. G.Ryle, D.Lewis, D.Dennett, F.Dretske, G.Rey, G.Harman B-tüüp - Leidub episteemiline lünk, ent ei leidu ontoloogilist lünka. Aposterioorne materialism. J.Levine, B.Loar, M.Tye, D.Papineau, N.Block, R.Stalnaker, W.Lycan, J.Perry C-tüüp - Leidub episteemiline lünk, ent see on põhimõtteliselt suletav. T.Nagel, R.Van Gulick, P.Churchland. Mittereduktsionismi tüübid: D-tüüp – Füüsiliste ja fenomeniliste seisundite vahel on põhjuslik interaktsioon. Interaktiivne dualism. E-tüüp – Füüsiline maailm on põhjuslikult suletud, ent see määrab ära fenomenilised faktid, mis on epifenomenilised. Epifenomenalism. F-tüüp – Füüsilise reaalsuse enese aluseks on (proto)fenomenilised omadused
psychological model, but we need one and at this point we have no other.) Contextual information may help with the reasoning too. In this case, the visitor may realize that he has been being fairly offensive, that I have not offered him a drink, that I am not smiling, and that it is 6:45 p.m. In any conversation, background information is mutually assumed, and vast funds of assumptions are assumed by both parties to be shared by both parties; Stalnaker (1978) calls such material "common ground." When I utter (1a) or (1b), I imply by way of the Maxim of Strength and the Maxim of Evidence that I am not in a position to say anything stronger about Smedley's ability. But since (we may suppose) the reason I was asked is that I am the person who is in an ideal or at least good position to assess Smedley's ability, this deliberately invites my hearer to conclude that there is nothing good to say about it.1
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