13. According to Parmenides, what is motion and why it is only apparent? According to Parmenides, motion as we know it, does not exist. Motion is illuminating and darkening. Coming to be is nothing more than coming to be visible. 14. What is the great philosophical discovery that Parmenides did? What are the contradictions that his discovery awakens? He discovered that things are. The contradiction between oneness and multiplicity. 15. Who were the Sophists? Sophists taught people how to speak well and how to convince people. They claimed that they were philosophers but actually they weren’t, because they didn’t care about the truth. 16. Why Sophists were important in the context of Greek incipient democracy? Because they taught how to speak well and to convince others. 17. Why Sophists are not real philosophers? Because for them the truth does not matter. 18. Who said the phrase: “man is the measure of all things”
some claim that he never really existed, he was reputed, however, to be the teacher of Atom indivisible · Democritus 460-370 BC - The universe is made of indivisible particles: atoms - The universe is entirely governed by physical laws - One should thus be hedonistic (devote oneself entirely to pleasure) - hence he is called the "laughing philosopher". 15.02.2012 Sophists (Wise Men) Main opponents of Socrates in Plato's dialogues (Hippias, Gorgias, Protagoras, etc.) Teacher of rhetoric, to make the weaker side appear the stronger. Protagoras of Abdera the most prominent Sophist 490-420 BC - "Man is the measure of things" o Relativism? Does this mean that each person can judge the truth of a proposition and there is no basis besides opinion for determining the truth? o Idealism
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