binary input code of 11000100012? 3,925V Question 12 A 12 bit DAC has a reference voltage of 10V. What is the output voltage for a binary input code of 1001001001002? 5,67V Question 13 What is the resolution of a 16-Bit DAC? 65536 bits Question 14 Name 5 characteristics of DAC’s. Gain error, offset error, resolution, monotonicity, accuracy Question 15 For the following 3-Bit DAC, analyse the circuit to verify its operation for the following input combinations. (Assume VR=5V). a) S2S1S0=0102 1,25 b) S2S1S0=1012 3,125 c) S2S1S0=0112 1,875 Question 16 1. Draw the motor current and the motor voltage characteristic during the operation with a constant PWM signal of 50% duty cycle. 2. Recommend the suitable range of frequency for this PWM applied in microcontrollers. Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of PWM systems. The frequency should be about 30kHz, voltage 5V. The advantages of PWM systems: 1) Very high efficiency (not much heat produced)
1001001001002 = 2340 212 = 4096 (10 / 4096) * 2340 = 5.71 V Output voltage = 5,71 V Question 13 What is the resolution of a 16-Bit DAC? 216 = 65536 Question 14 Name 5 characteristics of DAC’s. 1. Gain error 2. Offset error 3. Resolution 4. Monotonicity 5. Accurary(relative) Question 15 For the following 3-Bit DAC, analyse the circuit to verify its operation for the following input combinations. (Assume VR=5V). a)S2S1S0=0102 Output voltage = 1.25 V b)S2S1S0=1012 Output voltage = 3,125 V c)S2S1S0=0112 Output voltage = 1.875 V Question 16 Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) is a commonly used technique for controlling power to inertial electrical devices and DC motors. The PWM switching frequency has to be much faster than what would affect the load on DC motors. 1. Draw the motor current and the motor voltage characteristic
annaabi.ee 
