they are engaged in pseudohistory; the rewriting of the past for personal or political purposes. WHAT IS DENIED AND BY WHOM? The gas chambers: Pat Buchanan, the most effective Holocaust denier in America has stated that the gas chambers were not used at the camps to exterminate Jews simply because `'the diesel engines don't emit enough carbon monoxide to kill anybody''. The six million people murdered: the first influential Holocaust revisionist, Paul Rassinier, said the number of Jewish victims was exaggerated and his own estimate was that only about 1,5 million Jews died. Cause of deaths: deniers say the deaths in concentration camps resulted in disease or starvation; that they weren't killed by the Nazis. And if they were, it was because of wartime privations. 300 000 to one or two million Jews were killed in ghettos and camps. The master plan: the deniers say the Nazi's didn't have an intention to
is false, I cannot meaningfully say that it is. And neither can anyone else. Even if instead we loosen our notion of "observation" and include what Hempel (1950) called the "directly observable characteristics" of ordinary objects, it remains true that verificationism collapses a sentence's meaning into the type of observational evidence we can have for that sentence, without remainder. For example, we are driven to a grotesquely revisionist view about scientific objects--the instrumentalist view that scientific statements about electrons, memory traces, other galaxies, and the like are merely abbrevia- tions of complex sets of statements about our own laboratory data. What is the verification condition of a sentence about an electron? Of course it is something macroscopic, something about meter readings or vapor trails in a cloud chamber or scattering patterns on a cathode ray tube or something of the sort
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