"leveling the playing field," between foreign and domestic producers. In this game, the consumer loses. A peril-point tariff is levied in order to save a domestic industry that has deteriorated to the point where its very existence is in peril. An economist would argue that the industry should be allowed to expire. That way, factors of production used by that inefficient industry could move into a new one where they would be better employed. A retaliatory tariff is one that is levied in response to a tariff levied by a trading partner. In the eyes of an economist, retaliatory tariffs make no sense because they just start tariff wars in which no one--least of all the consumer--wins. Nontariff barriers include quotas, regulations regarding product content or quality, and other conditions that hinder imports. One of the most commonly used nontariff barriers are product standards, which may aim to serve as "barriers to trade
A parent who has been challenged for dominance in the family may get over the initial shock and unleash a devastating retaliation. A martial arts opponent knocked off balance may recover his center and deliver a surprise attack. In the Tiananmen Square incident, the Chinese government rallied after several days of confusion to launch a crushing response that drove the students and their Goddess of Liberty from the Square. One of the most vivid examples of this retaliatory movement in films is in Red River, when Tom Dunson has been toppled from his throne by his foster-son, M a t t h e w Garth, in a central Supreme Ordeal. In the Reward stage, while M a t t and his men are celebrating in the town where they've sold the cattle, Dunson is busy recruiting a small army of gunmen. In T h e R o a d Back phase, he comes riding after M a t t with the force of a railroad train and the stated intention of killing his adopted son
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