Following the Acts of Union which united Scotland with England into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the subsequent Scottish Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution, Scotland became one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Its industrial decline following the Second World War was particularly acute, but in recent decades the country has enjoyed something of a cultural and economic renaissance, fuelled in part by a resurgent financial services sector, the proceeds of North Sea oil and gas, and latterly a devolved parliament.
continent of Europe. Following the Acts of Union which united Scotland with England into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the subsequent Scottish Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution, Scotland became one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Its industrial decline following the Second World War was particularly acute, but in recent decades the country has enjoyed something of a cultural and economic renaissance, fuelled in part by a resurgent financial services sector, the proceeds of North Sea oil and gas, and latterly a devolved parliament. Scotland during the Roman Empire ! Scotland during the Roman Empire encompasses a period of time that is both part of genuine history and of protohistory. It is complicated by the fact that although the Roman Empire influenced every part of Scotland during the period from the arrival of the legions in c. AD 71 to their departure in 213 their occupation was
indigenous populations of the Highlands and Islands, known as the Highland Clearances. The Scottish Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution made Scotland into an intellectual, commercial and industrial powerhouse.[citation needed] After World War II, Scotland experienced an industrial decline which was particularly severe. Only in recent decades has the country enjoyed something of a cultural and economic renaissance. Economic factors which have contributed to this recovery include a resurgent financial services industry, electronics manufacturing, (see Silicon Glen),] and the North Sea oil and gas industry. Following a referendum on devolution proposals in 1997, the Scotland Act 1998 was passed by the United Kingdom Parliament to establish a devolved Scottish Parliament. Government and politics Scotland's head of state is the monarch of the United Kingdom, currently Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952).
ukrainianweek.com The intense increase of the European share in the Ukrainian banking system over 2005-2008 has essentially squeezed captive banks to the sidelines. Some oligarchs even gradually switched to using universal European banks with high standards to service their companies. It was definitely cheaper for them compared to maintaining and developing a bank of their own. Since 2010, Ukraine has seen a reversal of the European banking trend. The growing pressure on businesses and resurgent fear of property loss have once again fuelled the demand for captive banks, just as they did in the 1990s and early 2000s. In a prime example, a German group recently sold its Ukrainian bank to a local oligarch. On the whole, the share of private Western banks save for state-owned Russian banks shrank from almost 42% in early 2009 to 25% in the first half of 2012, mostly in favor of local Ukrainian banks. A few
annaabi.ee 
