Pre-mature deaths during famine of '21-'22, '31-'33, 7 years of war, emigration up to 1924 (vast majority to West, 3rd and 4th aliyahs). J pop growth still significant, high birth rates, but pop static. Grows more in SU than anywhere else few leaving, pop growth significant. Vast majority in W borderlands. Very few emigrate during year and a half from annexed areas. Germans occupied Leningrad-Moscow-Stalingrad, all and more of former Pale. 1939, started evacuating. Stalin thought 43-44, war. Purges, Winter War, military needed improvement, military industrial complex and factories and personnel moved E. Disassemble, move by rail beginning 1939. They know what happened in Spain, total war. Disproportionate # of Js in SU industry, moved E. Js involved in evacuation because of potential for betraying, wealthy capitalists? Crimean factories moved on kurdish straits. Uk factories not moved, Ger war too fast. Month and a half, most J kolkhozes moved. Also evacuated govt officials, those at risk
Everything was under a strict control and very- well disciplined (McClenaghan, 2003). Stalin suffered bad losses in the World War II, but managed to conquer Berlin in 1945. The Soviet Union had gained more territory and was now ranked as one of the two great powers in the world, along with the United States. But life in the country was still suffering. Production was once again concentrated on heavy industry. Political freedoms were restricted even more, and another series of purges came out. The country also struggled with the Cold War ( " H i s t o r y of russia," ). After Stalin died the country did better again. Cultural life was slowly restored. In the 1970s when Brezhnev became the leader of the Soviet Union the country went through a long period of bad economy and there were many pessimistic and disappointed people. In 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev became the general secretary. He understood that the country needed some serious changes
visitors. Tall and stooped, with a sinister expression and cold blue eyes that gave one the impression that he hated the very sight of you, he gave at least one girl worker the shivers whenever he emerged from his sanctum and spoke to her when she was alone in the office on night duty. Never with a hat and always with his raincoat, which he wore in all seasons, Boki seems to have been an administrator rather than a cryptologist. He was executed in 1938 in the great Stalinist purges. Afterwards, it was discovered that he had, most unsocialistically, hoarded gold and silver coins. The Spets-Otdel handled both cryptography and crypt-analysis. In 1933, the cryptographers worked in a big room on the fourth floor of a former insurance building that the O.G.P.U. occupied at 6 Lubyanka Street. The cryptanalysts were then on the top floor of a former Ministry of Foreign Affairs building at the corner of Lubyanka Street and Kuznetsky Bridge Street
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