Public Administration and Innovation
Preparing for exam.
Focus areas
Defining innovation
● “An innovation is an idea, practice, or object that is perceived as new by an
individual or other unit of adoption.” (Rogers 1952)
● CIS survey: “Product innovations must be new to your enterprise, but they do not
need to be new to your market”.
● “Companies achieve competitive advantage through acts of innovation. They
approach innovation in its broadest sense, including both new technologies and
new ways of doing things” – (Porter 1990)
● “An innovative business is one which lives and breathes “outside the box”. It is
not just good ideas, it is a combination of good ideas, motivated staff and an
instinctive understanding of what your customer wants” – (Branson 1998)
● “...novel implementation of an invention, discovery, new or existing knowledge
in economic process” (Joseph A. Schumpeter)
● An innovation is the implementation of a new or si...
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