5 0.1–0.5 Kang et al. 3 passes) 6 passes) (2%, room (2001a)f temperature, Coliforms 2.0 0 3 passes) Psychrotrophs 3.5–4.0 0–1 LABg 2 0–0.5 Lean or fat Water (5 passes) NA NA NA APC 5 4 Kang et al. beef Coliforms 3.5 2.5 (2001b)f