influencing the biological physical & chemical processes and of microbes, microbial activity and population in soil. Though microorganisms can tolerate extreme temperature (such as - 60 ° or + 60 u) conditions, but the optimum temperature range at which soil microorganisms can grow and function actively is rather narrow. Depending upon the temperature range at which microorganisms can grow and function, are divided into three groups i.e. psychrophiles (growing at low temperature below 10 °C) Mesophiles (growing well in the temp range of 20 ° C to 45° C) and thermopiles (can tolerate temperature above 45° C and optimum 45-60°C). Most of the soil microorganisms are mesophilic (25 to 40 °) and optimum temperature for most mesophiles is 37° C. True psychrophiles are almost absent in soil, and thermopiles though present in soil behaves like mesophiles. True thermopiles are more abundant in
selective for spoilage microflora only. On the sidered most important. Most reported studies other hand, specificity may diminish phage were performed on experimentally inocu- activity against broad-spectrum spoilage lated refrigerated meats and demonstrated microflora. Whitman and Marshall (1971a) efficacy against spoilage psychrotrophs and noticed that phages from bacteriophage-host psychrophiles (Greer 1986, 1988; Greer and systems isolated from refrigerated food prod- Dilts 2002; Greer et al. 2007). Greer (1988) ucts usually attacked only those hosts upon showed that homologous phage can replicate which they were isolated. Phages are gener- and limit bacterial growth on inoculated and ally more stable than their hosts and can refrigerated phage-treated beef. Maximum survive processing (Koo et al. 2000). Greer shelf life extension was seen with an initial
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